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Neuro anatomy 2 > CN V > Flashcards

CN V Flashcards

1
Q

Describe spiral (cochlear) ganglion

A
  • Contains bipolar sensory neurons (1st order neurons in auditory pathway)
  • Sensory ganglion
  • No synapses
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2
Q

Define the first order neuron in the auditory pathway

A
  • Cell bodies are located in COCHLEAR GANGLION
  • Peripheral processes termiante in receptor hair cells on the organ of corti
  • Central proceses (form roots of cochlear nerve) enter pons, BIFURCATE and synapse in the DORSAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS and VENTRAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS
  • Carry info from IPSILATERAL EAR
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3
Q

describe the second order neuron in the auditory pathway

A
  • Found in the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei
  • axons ffrom the VENTRAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS form the VENTRA ACOUSTIC STRIA (trapezoid body) which terminates in the NUCLUS OF THE TRAPEZOID BODY and the SUPERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS

–> others ascend the LATERAL LEMNISCUS to terminate in the nucleus of the LL and the inferior colliculus

  • Axons from the DORSAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS form the dorsal acoustic stria and ascend in the Lateral lemniscus to terminate in the inferior colliculus

** CARRY INFO FROM IPSILATERAL EAR **

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4
Q

describe the third order neurons in the adutiory pathway

A
  • Relays input from BOTH EARS
  • are housed in the superior olivary nuclei which are involved in the localization of sound
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5
Q

Define inferior colliculus

A
  • is a relay nucleus for hearing in the midbrain
  • processes input from the LATERAL LEMNISCUS
  • projects to the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN)
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6
Q

Define Medial geniculate nucleus (MGN)

A
  • relay nucleus for hearing in the thalamus
  • processes sound intensity and frequency
  • gives rise to the AUDITORY RADIATION which projects to the primary auditory cortex
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7
Q

define primary auditory cortex

A
  • Brodmann’s area 41 and 42
  • traverse temporal gyri of Heschl
  • Role in lcoalization of sound and detection of alterations in pattern of sound

SECONDARY CORTICAL AREAS

  • mutliple, difficult to lcoate
  • Interpretation of sound, voices, language and music
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8
Q

Describe vestibular (scarpa’s) ganglion

A
  • contains bipolar sensory neurons (1st order neurons of the vistublar pathway)
  • Sensory
  • No synpases
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9
Q

describe the first order neuron in the vestibular pathway

A
  • cell bodies = vestibular ganglion
  • Peripheral proceses = termiante in receptor hair cells of the MACULAE of the UTRICLE and SACCULE and the cristae of the semicircular canal ampullae
  • Central processes = form root of vestibular nerve and enter pons, BIFURCATE and synapse in the vestibular nuclei

–> some central proceses pass into the inferior cerebellar peduncle to end in the IPSILATERAL FLOCCULONODULAR LOBE of cerebellum

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10
Q

describe the second order neuron in the vestibular pathway

A
  • Housed in the vestibular nuclei
  • axons join the MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL FASCICULUS (MLF) to project to the extraocular muscle nuclei, reticular formation, cervical spinal cord
  • Other fibesr terminate in the cerebellum and thalamus
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11
Q

describe the third order neurons in the vestibular pathway

A
  • are housed in the VPL and VPI nuclei of the thalamus
  • PROJECT to the primary vestibular cotex (brodmann’s area 3a)
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12
Q

describe the Afferent to the vestibular nuclei

A
  • come from:

–> vestibular nerve

  • cerebellum
  • CONTRALATERAL vestibular nuclei
  • spinal cord
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13
Q

describe the functions of the CN IX

A
  • General visceral afferent (GVA) = pharyngeal tube, palatine tonsils, pharynx, carotid sinus
  • Special visceral afferent (SVA) = tase of the posterior 1/3 of tongue
  • General visceral efferent (GVE) parasympathetics to the parotid gland, minor salivary glands in tongue and pharynx
  • Special visceral efferents (SVE) = skeletal motor to the stylopharyngeus muscle
  • General somatic afferent (GSA) = ear, ear canal, posterior 1/3 of tongue
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14
Q

describe the superior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve

A
  • contains PSEUDOUNIPOLAR NEURONS of general somatic afferent
  • central proceses descend the spinal V tract to the spinal V nucleus

** CN IX sends it GSA fibers carrying nociception to the spinal V nucleus **

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15
Q

describe inferior (petrosal) ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve

A
  • Pseudounipolar neurons (GVA and SVA) (general and special visceral afferents)
  • central proceses join the solitary tract to termiante in the solitary nucleus
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16
Q

describe the otic ganglion

A
  • Parasympathetic ganglion
  • Contains postganglionic parasympathetic neurons who axons termiante in the parotid gland
  • involvled in freys syndrome
17
Q

Lesion in the glossopharyngeal nerve result in what?

A
  • Loss of taste sensation
  • decrease in salivary secretion
  • diminished visceral sensation
  • loss of gag reflex
  • loss of the carotid sinus reflex
18
Q

describe the functional componenets of CN X

A
  • General visceral efferent = parasympathetic to throacic and abdominal viscera
  • Special visceral efferent = skeletal motor to most pharyngeal and laryngeal skeletal muscles
  • special visceral afferent = tase from epiglottis, soft palate and upper pharynx
  • General somatic afferent = out ear, external auditory meatus, and posterior third of the dura matter
  • General visceral afferent - mucus membranes of soft palate, pharynx, esophagus, larynx, trachea and carotid body
19
Q

describe superior (jugular) ganglion of the vagus

A
  • sensory, no synapes
  • pseudounipolar neurons (GSA) –> central proceses descend in the spinal V tract to the spinal V ucleus (nociception)
20
Q

describe inferior (nodose) ganglion of the vagus

A
  • sensory, no synpases
  • pseudounipolar neurons (GVA and SVA) –> central proceses join the solitary tract to terminate in the solitary nucleus
21
Q

describe the Parasymapthetic ganglion of the vagus

A
  • located near viscera or within the wall of viscera in thoracic and abdominal cavities to innervate cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands (heart, respiratory tract, GI tract)
22
Q

what would be the result of a unilateral lesion of the vagus nerve root (as it exits the brainstem

A
  • flaccid paralysis or weakness of muscles of the:

–> pharynx = dysphagia

–> larynx = Dysphoria

–> soft palate

  • Dyspnea
  • loss of gag reflex
  • loss of general sensation
  • cardiac arrhythmias
23
Q

what would result from a bilateral lesion of the vagus nerve root

A
  • DEATH = invompatible with life

Neuro anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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