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Medicine Phase 2a MSK and Rheumatology > CMS Treatment > Flashcards

CMS Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

What is osteoporosis

A

Bone disorder characterised by the loss of trabecular bone and increased fracture risk.
It is more common in postmenopausal women due to decreased oestrogen level and increased bone resorption.

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2
Q

Conservative treatment of osteoporosis

A

Patient education
Modify risk factors e.g. smoking and alcohol cessation
Encourage weight-bearing exercise
Assess activities of daily living

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3
Q

Medical treatment of osteoporosis

A

Selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)
Calcitonin
Bisphosphonates

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4
Q

What is osteomalacia

A

Metabolic bone disorder characterised by low mineral bone content and deficient vitamin D. This leads to soft bones; however the amount of bone is normal.

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5
Q

What is osteomalacia called in children

A

Rickets

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6
Q

Conservative treatment of osteomalacia

A

Patient education

Dietary advice concerning calcium and vitaminD intake

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7
Q

Medical treatment of osteomalacia

A

Vitamin D supplements e.g. Cholcalciferol and calcitriol

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8
Q

What is Pagets disease

A

Chronic remodelling disorder of bone that results in abnormal bone architecture

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9
Q

Conservative treatment of Pagets disease

A

Patient education and management of complications

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10
Q

Complications of Pagets disease

A

Osteogenic sarcoma
Heart failure
Increased risk of renal calculi

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11
Q

Medical treatment of Pagets disease

A

Bisphosphonates such as zoledronate injections

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12
Q

What is osteopetrosis

A

When osteoclasts do not function properly, thus bone is no longer resorbed. Bones are thick and fracture easily

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13
Q

Conservative treatment of osteopetrosis

A

Patient education

Refer to physiotherpay

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14
Q

Medical treatment of osteopetrosis

A 
Vitamin D
Calcitriol
Erythropoietin
Corticosteroids
Gamma interferon
Bone marrow transplant
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15
Q 
Biochemical profiling of osteoporosis:
Serum calcium
Serum phosphate
Alkaline phosphatase
PTH
A 
Serum calcium
Serum phosphate
Alkaline phosphatase
PTH
ALL NORMAL
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16
Q 
Biochemical profiling of osteomalacia
Serum calcium
Serum phosphate
Alkaline phosphatase
PTH
A

Serum calcium - low
Serum phosphate - low
Alkaline phosphatase - high
PTH - high

Medicine Phase 2a MSK and Rheumatology (18 decks)

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