Clostridia hardcore Flashcards
Clostridium perfringens can produce main and auxillary toxins
T
Clostridium difficile can be treated with metronidazole
T
Enterotoxaemia of young animals foals and piglets
Many Clostridium species have flagella
FOnly clostridium dificcile has peritrichous flagellaeje giafto troi metronitazoli :)
Lesions of malignant oedema are mainly seen in the large muscles
T
Malignant oedema is only in ruminants
Fmainly horses also mammals and birds
Malignant oedema occurs in ruminants and pigs
TMammals and birds
Malignant oedema is an acute fatal disease
TAcute for sure 1-2days ip fatal yes because a lot of pathology
Malignant oedema can be treated with antibiotics
Ftoo late
Malignant oedema can occur in any warm-blooded animal
F
Once an area is infected with gas gangrene re-occurrence is common
T
Malignant oedema is well treated with long-term antibiotics therapy
F
gas gangrene (malignant oedema) is a regional illness
FWorldwide
Blackleg generally occurs in endemic
TEndemic regions
Blackleg is generally endogenous in sheep
FSwce
If antibiotics are applied after appearance of the clinical signs of blackleg, treatment is generally successful
F
Blackleg disease occurs only in ruminants
FRarely other species
Blackleg can usually be treated with antibiotics successfully
F
Blackleg in cattle is mainly endogenous between 6 months-3 years old
F
2m-2y
Blackleg in cattle is mainly endogenous between 2 months-2 years old
Tswce
Blackleg in bovine is caused by wound infections
F
Oedema in the wall of the abomasum and duodenum are postmortem lesions of bradsot
Trennet = abomasum
Bradsot occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical countries
Fnorth europe kriada frozen potato and turnip
Köves disease is an indicator disease
TIndicator of a primary disease theat caused ulceration haemorrhages on the git.
Infectious necrotic hepatitis is found worldwide
T
Infectious necrotic hepatitis occurs mostly in young sheep
F
Mainly sheep also cattle1-4 years old? is this young
Bacillary haemoglobinuria is mainly seen in cattle
TBlack disease SCBac haemo CS
Bacillary haemoglobinuria is a slow, chronic disease
Fsudden onset all histolytic clostridia and (enterotoxaemic clostridia?)
Bacillary hemoglobinuria causes severe haemorrhages
T
Bacillary hemoglobinuria are caused by infection from the soil
Tmainly endogenous but also infection from the soil
Isolation of the agent from the gut gives aetiologic diagnosis of lamb dysentery
F
Isolation of Cl. perfringens from the gut confirms the diagnosis of lamb dysentery
F
Lambs have to be vaccinated with anatoxin vaccine in order to prevent lamb dysentery
FEwes
For diagnosis of lamb dysentery, the pathogen should be cultured from the intestine
T
lamb dysentery no bacterium isolation from the gut but microscopy culture is okay
Lamb dysentery can be successfully treated with penicillin when clinical signs appear
F
Struck is a slow disease of older sheep
FFast course sudden onset
Struck is a worldwide common disease with great economic impact
F
Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in the first 1-2 weeks of life
T2-4d so 1st week
Pigs showing clinical signs of enterotoxaemia have to be treated with antibiotics immediately
FToo latePenicillins to sows
Necrosis of gut epithelium is a postmortem lesion of pig enterotoxaemia
T
Pig enterotoxaemia has to be diagnosed by detecting antibodies in the piglets
Fdirect detection
Pig enterotoxaemia causes abdominal contractions in sows
F
Mesenteric lymph node is congested in case of pig enterotoxaemia
F
Clostridium enterotoxaemia can be cultured from mesenteric lymph nodes or gut
T
Enteritis in piglets cannot be diagnosed by post-mortem, only by bacteriology
F
Necrotic enteritis of piglets cannot be diagnosed by isolating the agent from the gut
TEpidi en na evris c.perfringes C pou kami jalla disease??culture smear microscopy no isolation
The toxin of the agent of pulpy kidney disease is sensitive to trypsin
TD(α, ε=trypsin act)
Neurological signs are typical in the case of pulpy kidney disease
T
Ulcerative enteritis can occur in 4-12-week-old chickens
Tdo not confuse with Necrotic enteritis of Chicken caused by C. perfringes ABroiler 2-5w, turkeys 7-12w
Ulcerative enteritis of poultry is generally prevented with vaccination
F
Lesions of ulcerative enteritis are mostly seen in the small intestines
TFirst small intestine then upper large intestine
Lesions of necrotic enteritis of chicken are typically occur in the large intestine
Fjejunum and ileum =SI
Necrotic enteritis mostly occurs in chicken
TThus the name necrotic enteritis of chickenAlso turkeys
Waterfowl are not susceptible to necrotic enteritis
FThey are
Gangrenous dermatitis causes muscle oedema
T
The clinical signs of tetanus are inducible
T
The agent of tetanus causes septicaemia
FThe bacterium never enters the bloodstream. Only the toxins released after the autolysis of the vegetative bacterium. Necrotic anaerobic conditions at entry site initiate spore germination.
Clostridium tetani produced endotoxin
FEndotoxins= membrane compounds of gram negative bacteriaExotoxins = are proteinoid substances released
Tetanus can be prevented with vaccines containing inactivated bacteria
Finactivated toxoid = Anatoxin
Tetanus can only develop after deep wounds
F Not deep only, even navel infection, teeth of foals, and ear tagging
The paralysis usually starts at the place of the wound
FSpasms begin from the head
Dogs have high resistance to tetanus
Thave natural resistance to the toxin
Clostridium tetani produces neurotoxins
T
Clostridium botulinum cannot tolerate air at all
T
In Hungary, botulism is seen most commonly in birds
T
Clostridium botulinum spores are extremely resistant to heat
T
In Hungary, botulism occurs in winter and early spring
Fwarmer climate summer
Clostridium botulinum can produce toxin, some of which are activated by proteases
T
Botulism is seen mainly during summer
T
Spasms are the typical clinical sign of botulism
F
