closer european integration 4.3

Question 1

what are 6 factors which promoted a closer EU

Answer 1

• promoting peace
• Economic integration and the single market
• Economic and monetary union
• Enlargement
• Social policy
• Political union

Question 2

how did ‘promoting peace’ promote a closer EU

Answer 2

• determined to avoid conflict after WW2

Question 3

how did ‘Economic integration and the single market’ promote a closer EU

Answer 3

• Single European Act (1986) advanced economic integration = created a single European market based on the four freedoms
• 1992 = customs controls were abolished, common product standards were established
• Schengen Agreement (1995) guaranteed the free movement of EU citizens to live and work in other member states

Question 4

how did ‘Economic and monetary union’ promote a closer EU

Answer 4

• creation of a European Central Bank and a single currency
  promote cross-border trade and travel by:
• eliminating the uncertainties caused by fluctuating exchange rates and the costs of converting currencies.

Question 5

how did ‘Enlargement’ promote a closer EU

Answer 5

• opened gates to countries under communist rule = COLD WAR HAPPENING
• ten new members in 2004

Question 6

how did ‘Social policy’ promote a closer EU

Answer 6

• ensure that workers did not suffer disadvantage and discrimination

Question 7

how did ‘Political union’ promote a closer EU

Answer 7

• Intergovernmental operations = Member states cooperate in decision-making
• Supranational operations = Decision-making power is transferred to a higher body that operates independently of nation states.