CLO 3 Flashcards by Emily Gray

Incisors

Designed to cut. Shaped like a shovel

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Canines

Holding/grasping teeth
Longest tooth
Most stable tooth

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Premolars

Have 2 or 3 cusps
Buccal cusps hold food
Lingual cusps grind food

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Molars

4 or 5 cusps
Chew or grind food

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Vestibule

The (potential) space that exists between the lips/cheeks and the teeth

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Lingual

Faces the tongue

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Facial

Faces the lip or cheek

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Labial

Faces the lip or cheek (front teeth only)

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Buccal

Faces the cheek (posterior teeth only)

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Proximal

Faces the neighbouring tooth in the same arch
Medial or distal

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Occlusal

Biting or chewing surface for posterior teeth

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Tooth tissues (4)

Enamel, dentin, cementum, dental pulp

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Enamel

Forms the outer surface of the crown
Thickest ver the cusp, thins towards the cervical line
Thicker ______ appears white, thinner ______ has more colour varieties

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Which tooth tissue is the hardest tissue in the human body and composed of 96% inorganic and 4% organic matter and water

Enamel

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Dentin

Softer than enamel but harder than cementum or bone
Hard, dense, calcified tissue
Yellow in colour and elastic in nature

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What tissue is composed if 70% inorganic and 30% organic matter

Dentin

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Secondary dentin

Normal process of aging
Forms throughout life after the tooth erupts because the pulp recedes

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Reparative/tertiary dentin

Formed in response to trauma or caries
Harder of the two (secondary and tertiary dentin)

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Cementum

Bone like substance that covers the root
Function: provide a medium for the attachment of the tooth to alveolar bone
Gives the tooth a mechanism of anchorage

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What is the union of cementum and dentin called?

Dentinocemental junction (DEJ)

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What tissue is composed of 45-50% inorganic and 55% organic matter?

Cementum

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What are the two types of cementum?

Acellular (covers the entire anatomic root, part if the attachment system of the tooth)
Cellular (confined to the apical third of the root, can reproduce itself)

Pulp

Surrounded by dentin
Divided into chambers and canals (aka root canals)

What is pulp composed of? (5)

Blood vessels
Lymph vessels
Odontoblasts (dentin forming cells)
Nerve tissue
Connective tissue

Circumvallate papillae

-13 V-shaped rounded elevations -point of the V shape is posterior -divides the anterior 2/3 from the posterior 1/3 -Taste receptors (BITTER)

Fungiform papillae

-anterior 2/3 of the tongue -round mushroom raised red spots -taste receptors (SWEET & SALTY) -para kerantinized or keratinized epithelium

Filiform papillae

-remainder of the anterior 2/3 (median) -tiny para keratinized to keratinized pointed projections -NO taste

Foliate papillae

-few taste buds (SOUR) -more red in colour -area to detect for oral cancer

Lingual frenulum

Fold of tissue extending from near the tip of the tongue down to the floor of the mouth

Sublingual caruncle

Small elevation on each side at the base of the lingual frenum (Opening for ducts of the two major salivary glands)

The two major salivary glands

Submandibular and sublingual glands

Sublingual fold

Fold of tissue extending from sublingual caruncle back along floor of the mouth on either side

Cementoenamel junction (CEJ)

The line where the crown and root are joined

Crown

Covered by enamel The clinical _____ is seen above the gingiva (gum)

Root

Covered in cementum Can have single or multiple Each one has one apex or terminal end

Alveolar process

The portion of the jaw that supports teeth

Alveolus

The bony socket in which the tooth fits

Function of teeth (5)

1. Protecting the oral cavity 2. Acquiring and chewing food 3. Aiding the digestive system in breaking down food 4. Functioning in communication 5. Esthetics

Anterior teeth

-incisors and canines -have 4 surfaces and a ridge

Posterior teeth

-premolars and molars -have 5 surfaces

Cervix

Is in the cervical area

Cervical line

Line around the crown

Landmarks

Crowns formed from fusion of lobes Developmental grooves remain after fusion

Oral cavity

Begins at lips and cheeks and extends posteriorly to the area of palatine tonsils

Oral cavity proper

-area surrounded by teeth or alveolar ridges back to palatine tonsils -includes region from the floor of mouth upward to hard and soft palates

Vermillion zone

Transitional zone of reddish tissue between lips and philtrum

Lips

-Vestibular anterior border -Junction between skin of the face and mucosa of the oral cavity

Philtrum

Indentation at midline on skin of the upper lip, derived from the embryonic medial nasal processes

Cheeks

-vestibular lateral border -bucca

Vestibular posterior border

The anterior border of ramus of the mandible covered with soft tissue

Mucobuccal (mucolabial fold)

Mucosa of the lips or cheeks that turns toward the gingival tissue

Alveolar mucosa

Moveable mucosa lying against alveolar bone Reddish in colour

Mucogingival junction

Where alveolar mucosa becomes tightly attached to bone, beginning of gingiva