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clipp cases 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is transient synovitis?

A

Inflammation of the synovial lining of the hip usually occuring during or after a URI. Self limiting

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2
Q

What is the treatment for transient synovitis?

A

Rest and ibuprofen

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3
Q

What heart defects can present with a murmur and CHF in infancy?

A

VSD, PDA, aortic stenosis and coarctation of aorta

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4
Q

How do infants with CHF present?

A
  1. Tachypnea
  2. feeding difficulty
  3. Sweatin while feeding
  4. Longer feeding time
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5
Q

What is the treatment of CHF in infants?

A

Furosemide and digoxin

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6
Q

What kind of seizure has a postictal state?

A

Complex partial seizure

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7
Q

What kind of seizure can you induce and how?

A

Absence seizure and by hyperventilation

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8
Q

What is the EEG finding for a complex partial seizure?

A

Normal

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9
Q

What is the EEG finding for absence seizure?

A

spike and wave 3HZ

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10
Q

What kind of symptoms do you get with infratentorial tumors?

A

Cerebellar signs and increased intracranial pressure

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11
Q

What kind of symptoms do you get with cerebellar hemispheric tumors?

A

Hypotonia and hyporeflexia

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12
Q

What kind of symptoms do you get with supratentorial tumors?

A

Focal motor deficits and sensory deficits contralateral to the lesion

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13
Q

What kind of symptoms do you get with brain stem lesions?

A

Cranial nerve and gaze palsies

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14
Q

What is the most common pediatric brain tumor?

A

Medulloblastoma

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15
Q

What is the best pediatric brain tumor to get?

A

Astrocytoma

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16
Q

What is cushing triad?

A

Hypertension bradycardia and irregular respirations

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17
Q

What would a brain tumor in the cerebellar vermis cause?

A

Dysarthria, truncal ataxia, and gait abnormalities

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18
Q

What would a brain tumor in the cerebellar hemispheres cause?

A

Hypotonia, hyporeflexia, ipsilateral limb abnormalities, nystagmus, tremor/dysmetria

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19
Q

What would a brain tumor deep in cerebellar nuclei cause?

A

Resting tremor, myoclonus and opsoclonus

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20
Q

What are dennie’s lines?

A

These are transverse creases under the infraorbital that is a sign of chronic conjunctival inflammation

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21
Q

What is Henoch-Schnlein Purpura?

A

This is a IgA mediated vasculitis that affects skin, joints, GI, and kidneys

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22
Q

What are the typical signs and symptoms of HSP?

A

petechiae and purpura, arthritis of kness and ankles, hematuria and colicky abdominal pain

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23
Q

What is a common complication of HSP?

A

Intersucception (ileoileal)

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24
Q

What are some complications of PID?

A

Fits-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, tubo-ovarian abscess, infertility

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25
What is the treatment for meningococcemia?
Penicillin G
26
What is the prophylactic treatment for meningococcemia?
Adults- Ciprofloxacin | Children- Rifampin
27
When would you use urinary alkalinization?
Salicylate intoxication
28
What kind of cardiac effects does TCA toxcitity have?
Hypotension, dysrhythmias, conduction delays
29
What is the treatment for TCA toxicity?
Sodium bicarbonate
30
What are retinal hemorrhages pathognomonic for?
shaken baby syndrome
31
When should you be worried about failure to thrive?
Weight
32
What is the difference between organic FTT and non organic FTT?
Organic FTT is based upon an underlying disease while non organic FTT is social factors
33
What is the mode of inheritance for cystic fibrosis?
Autosomal recessive
34
Are crypt abscessess common in ulcerative colitis or crohns disease?
Ulcerative colitis
35
Which inflammatory bowel disease involves mucosa, submucosa,muscularis and serosa?
Crohns disease
36
Which inflammatory bowel disease has fistula formation?
Crohns disease
37
What are the treatment options for crohns disease?
1. mesalamine 2. steroids 3. antibiotics 4. methotrexate 5. Remicade
38
What rash is associated with crohns disease?
Erythema nodosum
39
What are some conditions you worry about with prematurity?
1. RDS 2. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 3. Periventricular leukomalacia 4. Hyperbilirubinemia 5. Retinopathy of prematurity
40
What brain finding is highly correlated with cerebral palsy?
Periventricular leukomalacia and cysts
41
Increased muscle tone and hyperreflexia in a premature baby should alert you to what condition?
Cerebral palsy
42
When is it recommended for physcians to use a screening tool to assess development in a child?
9,18,30 months
43
What are the clinical features of down syndrome?
Mental retardation, epicanthal folds, flat facial profile, single palmar crease, hypothyroidism, hypotonia, intestinal obstructions, cardiac defects, redundant neck skin, umbilical hernia, short stature, predisposition to leukemia
44
What is the abnormality of fragile X syndrome?
Inheritance of anormal number of trinucleotide repeats (CGG)
45
What is the labatory test for down syndrome?
Lymphocyte karyotype
46
Whats the pathophys for sickle cell disease?
There is a substitution of valine for glutamic acid at the 6th position of hemoglobin which leads to polymerization when deoxygenated
47
What is the mode of inheritance for sickle cell disease?
autosomal recessive
48
What organisms are sickle cell patient at increased risk for?
Strep pneumoniae, H. Flu, and N. meningitidis
49
What is the predominant hemoglobin at birth?
Hemoglobin F
50
What is the normal hemoglobin for adults?
Hemoglobin A
51
What are the vaccines given to kids with sickle cell disease?
- H. flu and pneumococcus 13 at 2,4,6 months - pneumococcus 23 and meningococcus at 2,5yrs - influenza annually
52
What is the management for acute chest syndrome?
Narcotics, hydration and incentive spirometry
53
What is the most common surgeries in sickle cell patients?
Tonsillectomy and cholecystectomy
54
What are some things that can cause nephrotic syndrome?
minimal change disease, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, lupus, post step glomerulonephritis, hepatitis B, HIV, HSP
55
What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrom in children?
Minimal change disease
56
What is the treatment for minimal change disease?
steroids, albumin infusion followed by furosemide and sodium restriction
57
What is pediculosis capitis?
Lice
58
Intense itching at night on the wrists, elbows, fingers and toes. What is this?
scabies
59
What is tinea corporis?
ring worm
60
What causes warts?
HPV
61
What kind of hypersensitivity do you get with acute uticaria?
Type 1 hypersensitivity
62
What causes a erythematous plaque with fine to thick greasy yellow scale typically seen on the scalp?
seborrheic dermatitis
63
What type of hypersensitivity causes contact dermatitis?
delayed type 4 hypersensitvity
64
What causes impetigo?
Staph aureus and strep pyogenes
65
What is the treatment for impetigo?
topical mupirocin
66
Patches of hypopigmentation on the face, neck, upper trunk and extremeties?
Pityriasis alba
67
Christmas tree distribution and herald patch is associated with what?
Pityriasis rosea
68
How would you treat mild acne?
BPO, retinoid, and topical antibiotics like erythromycin and clindamycin
69
How would you treat moderate acne?
Add oral antibiotic like tetracycline
70
How would you treat severe acne?
oral isotretinoin
71
What is the treatment for tinea capitis?
Griseofulvin
72
When do you need hepatitis B?
Birth, 2mo, 6mo
73
When do you need rotavirus?
2,4,6 months
74
When do you need DTap?
2, 4, 6, 15months, 4-6yrs
75
When do you need Tdap?
11-12yrs and then every 10yrs
76
When do you need H. flu?
2,4,6
77
When do you need pneumococcus vaccine?
2,4,6,12mo
78
When do you need inactivated polio vaccine?
2,4,6mo, 4-6yrs
79
When do you need MMR vaccine?
12months and 4-6yrs
80
When do you need hepatitis A vaccine?
12months and 6months after
81
When do you need varicella vaccine?
12months and 4-6yrs
82
When do you need HPV vaccine?
11-12yrs
83
When do you need meningococcal vaccine?
11-12yrs and then 16yrs
84
What vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy?
MMR, Polio, Varicella and HPV

Pediatrics (3 decks)

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