CLIPP 12 - Foreign Body Flashcards

1
Q

DDX wheezing (7)

A
  • viral bronchiolitis
  • asthma
  • foreign body aspiration
  • GERD
  • tracheomalacia
  • extrinsic compression
  • cystic fibrosis
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2
Q

Components of an asthma history (3)

A
  • prior hospitalizations
  • ICU admissions
  • intubations
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3
Q

Signs of respiratory distress (6)

A
  • paradoxical breathing (chest draws inward on inspiration)
  • tachypnea (hyperpnea vs hypopnea)
  • retractions (accessory muscle use)
  • nasal flaring (nares enlarge during inspiration)
  • grunting (forced expiration against partially closed glottis)
  • head bobbing (Accessory muscle use)
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4
Q

DDX cough (5)

A
  • URI
  • pneumonia
  • post-nasal drip (allergies/sinusitis)
  • foreign body aspiration
  • GERD
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5
Q

Bordatella Pertussis (course, complications, immunization)

A
  • course: triphasic (catarrhal/URI - 1-2wks, paroxysmal/whoop 4-6wks, convalescent-months)
  • complications: difficulty feeding, apnea
  • immunization: acellular vaccine recommended for all children
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6
Q

Epiglottitis (8 symptoms)

A
  • uncommon since Hib vaccine
  • fever, stridor, drooling, dysphonia, dysphagia, respiratory distress
  • sniffing position
  • thumb sign
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7
Q

Diphteria (1 symptom)

A
  • uncommon is US due to immunization

- grey pseudomembrane

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8
Q

Asthma pathophys (4)

A
  • infiltration of inflammatory cells into airway mucosa
  • mucus hypersecretion
  • mucosal edema
  • bronchoconstriction
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9
Q

Acute asthma presentation (7)

A

-cough, wheezing, tachypnea, dyspnea, diminished air exchange, cyanosis, pulsus paradoxus

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10
Q

asthma radiographic findings (3)

A
  • hyperinflation
  • increased interstitial markings
  • patchy atelectasis
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11
Q

bronchiolitis (causes, symptoms, CXR findings, treatment)

A
  • viral disease of lower respiratory tract (RSV, influenza, parainfluenza)
  • cough, wheezing, dyspnea, fever
  • hyperinflation, increased interstitial markings, peribronchial cuffing, scattered atelectasis on CXR
  • supportive treatment
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12
Q

Pneumonia (causes, symptoms, treatment)

A
  • adenovirus, RSV, parainfluenza, influenza
  • GBS, E. coli, Klebsiella (neonates)
  • C. pneumonia (staccato cough), Strep pneumo, mycoplasma
  • URI, worsening cough, fever, tachypnea, crackles
  • treat bacterial pneumonia with abx
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13
Q

Croup (causes, findings, treatment)

A
  • parainfluenza, rhinovirus, RSV, influenza, adenovirus
  • steeple sign (narrowed subglottic region)
  • barky cough
  • supportive care
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14
Q

Wheezing Radiographic studies (3)

A
  • inspiratory/expiratory (unilateral airtrapping)
  • PA (hemidiaphragm flattening)
  • R/L decubitus (mediastinal shift)
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15
Q

cough history key information (8)

A
  • oral intake
  • fever
  • witnessed foreign body ingestion
  • onset
  • hoarseness
  • barky cough/wheezing/stridor
  • immunization status
  • other medical problems
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