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Clinical Chemistry > Clinical Specimens (Handouts) > Flashcards

Clinical Specimens (Handouts) Flashcards

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0
Q

Substances increased with long term exercise

A

Sex hormones, plasma testosterone, androsterone, aldolase, AST and LD

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1
Q

Substances increased with short exercise

A

CK, AST, LD and platelets

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2
Q

Substance increased with fasting

A

Serum bilirubin

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3
Q

Substance decreased with fasting

A

Glucose

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4
Q

Substances increased with eating (depends on fat content)

A

Plasma potassium, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, turbidity of serum/plasma

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5
Q

Subtances increased with high meat or protein diet

A

Serum urea, ammonia and urate level

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6
Q

Substance decreased with high unsaturated fat to saturated fat diet

A

Serum cholesterol

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7
Q

Substances increased with high caffeine diet

A

Free fatty acids and catecholamines

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8
Q

Substances increased with alcohol diet

A

Plasma lactate, urate and triglycerides

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9
Q

Substances increased with chronic alcohol abuse

A

HDL, GGT and MCV

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10
Q

Substances increased with smoking

A

Carboxyhemoglobin, catecholamines, cortisol, neutrophil, monocytes and free fatty acid

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11
Q

Substances increased with chronic smoking

A

Hemoglobin conc, erythrocyte count, MCV and leukocyte count

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12
Q

Substances increased with prolonged tourniquet application

A

Serum enzymes, proteins, protein-bound substances, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, hemoconcentration

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13
Q

Substances increased from being supine to standing

A

Proteins, cellular elements

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14
Q

Additive in lavender tubes

A

EDTA or versene

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15
Q

Action of lavender tubes

A

Chelates calcium

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16
Q

Uses for lavender tubes

A

Hematologic assay, lead det. and CEA

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17
Q

Action of red tubes

A

Allows blood to clot

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18
Q

Uses for red tubes

A

Most chemistry, immunologic and BB tests

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19
Q

Additives for red/gray or red/black marbled tubes

A

No anticoagulant, has separator material

20
Q

Action of red/gray or red/black tubes

A

Allows blood to clot and serves as barrier bet. cells and serum

21
Q

Uses for red/gray or red/black tubes

A

For most chemistry tests

22
Q

Additive in orange tubes

A

Thrombin

23
Q

Action of orange tubes

A

Accelerates clot formation

24
Q

Uses for orange tubes

A

STAT serum tests

25
Q

Additives for gray tubes

A

Sodium fluoride, potassium oxalate or iodoacetate

26
Q

Uses for gray tubes

A

Glucose determination

27
Q

Action of sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate

A

Inhibits glycolytic enzyme enolase and acts as anticoagulant

28
Q

Action of iodoacetate

A

Inhibits glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

29
Q

Additive in yellow tubes

A

Citrate dextrose

30
Q

Action of yellow tubes

A

Preserves RBCs

31
Q

Uses for yellow tubes

A

For blood culture

32
Q

Additives in green tubes

A

Heparin (Na/Li/NH4)

33
Q

Action for green tubes

A

Inhibits thrombin activation

34
Q

Uses for green tubes

A

Blood gas det., ammonia, carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin

35
Q

Order of draw according to color

A

Yellow, red, blue, green, lavender, grey

36
Q

Uses for venous blood

A

Blood chemistry and immunologic studies

37
Q

Most preferred site for venipuncture

A

Antecubital fossa veins

38
Q

Angle of needle for venipuncture

A

15 degrees

39
Q

Uses for arterial blood

A

To measure oxygen tension, carbon dioxide tension and blood pH

40
Q

Sites for arterial puncture

A

Brachial artery, radial artery and femoral artery

41
Q

Needle gauge for brachial artery

A

18-20 gauge

42
Q

Needle gauge for radial artery

A

23-25 gauge

43
Q

Needle angle for brachial artery

A

45-60 degrees

44
Q

Needle angle for femoral artery

A

90 degrees

45
Q

Anticoagulant used for arterial puncture

A

Heparin

46
Q

Suitable substitute for arterial blood det. of pH and PCO2

A

Capillary blood (site must be warmed)

47
Q

Recommended skin puncture site for arterial blood

A

Ear lobe

48
Q

Best method for arterial blood collection of newborn

A

Umbilical artery catheter

Clinical Chemistry (4 decks)

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