Clinical Skills Flashcards
What is the role of the cerebellum?
Essential for hand-eye coordination and balance.
What does Romberg’s Test assess?
Assesses balance by having the patient stand sideways, first with eyes open, then closed. Failure to maintain balance may indicate dysfunction.
What is the Past Pointing Test used for?
Evaluates ataxia by having the patient touch their nose and the examiner’s finger, with variations in finger placement.
What does the Dysdiadochokinesia Test evaluate?
Tests rapid alternating movements, indicating potential cerebellar issues.
What does PEARRLA stand for?
Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to light, and Accommodating.
What is the first step in the PEARRLA assessment?
Check for equal and round pupils.
How is light reaction assessed in PEARRLA?
Shine a pen torch in each eye to observe consensual movement.
What does the accommodation test in PEARRLA assess?
Pupils’ response to focusing on a near object and then a distant one.
What is the function of Cranial Nerve 1?
Smell assessment.
How is Cranial Nerve 2 assessed?
Vision assessment through reading and peripheral vision tests.
How are Cranial Nerves 3, 4, and 6 assessed?
Eye movement control assessed by tracking an ‘H’ pattern.
What does Cranial Nerve 5 assess?
Sensory and motor functions through facial sensation and muscle contraction.
How is Cranial Nerve 7 assessed?
Facial expressions assessed through various movements.
What is the assessment for Cranial Nerve 8?
Hearing ability assessed with sound tests.
How are Cranial Nerves 9 and 10 assessed?
Larynx and swallowing functions assessed through vocalization and uvula position.
What does Cranial Nerve 11 assess?
Neck muscle control assessed through shoulder shrugging and head rotation.
How is Cranial Nerve 12 assessed?
Tongue movement assessed by asking the patient to move their tongue side to side.
What is the first step in abdominal assessment?
Visually assess the abdomen and inquire about any abnormalities.
How is percussion used in abdominal assessment?
Assess the abdomen and kidneys, starting opposite the area of pain.
What is the purpose of palpation in abdominal assessment?
Begin with light palpation, noting any guarding or pain.
What does Sower’s Sign test for?
Tests for appendicitis by assessing pain during leg extension.
What does the Obturator Sign indicate?
Pain during hip rotation indicates appendicitis.
What does **Rovsing’s **Sign indicate?
Pain on the right side when pressing the left lower quadrant indicates appendicitis.
What does Murphy’s Sign suggest?
Pain during inspiration suggests gallbladder inflammation.
What does Blumberg’s Sign indicate?
Rebound tenderness indicates peritoneal irritation.
What is McBurney’s Point used for?
Identifies the location of the appendix for appendicitis diagnosis.
