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Respiratory System Exam 2 > Clinical - Pulmonary Mycosis > Flashcards

Clinical - Pulmonary Mycosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the presentation of histoplasmosis?

A

Acute pneumonia

ARDS, disseminated infection, mediastinal granuloma, mediastinal fibrosis, broncholithiasis

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2
Q

How do you treat histoplasmosis?

A

Amphotericin B for severe life threatening cases

Itraconazole for non-life threatening cases

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3
Q

Where is coccidioidomycosis found?

A

San Joaquin Valley

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4
Q

How does coccidiomycosis present?

A

Erythema nodosum, arthralgia, eosinophilia, acute pneumonia, chronic cavitary disease

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5
Q

How do you treat coccidiomycosis?

A

Amphotericin B for severe manifestation and pregnant

Fluconazole for meningitis

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6
Q

Where is blastomycosis found?

A

Southern, south central, and Great Lakes

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7
Q

What organs does blastomycosis affect?

A

Lung, skin, bone, male genitalia, CNS

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8
Q

How do you treat blastomycosis?

A

Amphotericin B for severe life threatening cases
Itraconazole for non-life threatening cases
Both for 6 months

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9
Q

Who is at risk for sporotrichosis?

A

Florists, horticulturists, gardeners

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10
Q

What are the signs of sporotrichosis?

A

Lymphangitis of skin and nodule

Chronic pneumonitis with cavitation and empyema or meningitis

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11
Q

How is sporotrichosis transmitted?

A

Cutaneous inoculation

Inhalation

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12
Q

How do you treat sporotrichosis?

A

Itraconazole for lymphatic or cutaneous

Amphotericin B for disseminated

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13
Q

How does invasive aspergillosis present in immunocompromised?

A

Presents in granulocytopenic patients with hematologic malignancy
Fever, pulmonary infiltrates, neutropenia and Hodkins

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14
Q

What is a fungal ball?

A

Invasions of aspergillosis that colonize the repiratory tract

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of a fungal ball?

A

Hemoptysis, weight loss, cough, fever with neutropenia

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16
Q

How do you treat and fungal ball?

A

Intracavitary instillation of amphotericin

17
Q

Who is crytococcal infections common in?

A

People with T cell deficiencies or dysfunction

18
Q

How do you diagnose cryptococcus infections?

A

Lower lobe nodular infiltrates, patchy infiltrates on CXR

Fungal culture in CSF, blood, sputum, urine

19
Q

How do you treat cryptococcus?

A

Amphotercin if CNS is involved

Fluconazole if CNS is not involved

20
Q

How do you treat cryptococcus in AIDs patients?

A

Amphotericin B with flucytosine for 2 weeks followed by fluconazole

21
Q

Who is at risk for pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

CD4 under 200

22
Q

How does pneumocystis jirovecii present?

A

Dyspnea, fever, tachypnea, hypoxia

23
Q

How does pneumocystis jirovecii show on CXR?

A

Patchy of diffuse interstitial or alveolar processes on CXR

Ground glass attenuation

Respiratory System Exam 2 (11 decks)

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