Clinical Psychology - Brief therapies

Question 1

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

Answer 1

focuses on the interpersonal factors that contribute to a client’s current symptoms. It’s based on the medical model and views depression and other mental disorders as treatable medical illnesses, and its primary goals are symptom relief and improved interpersonal functioning.

Question 2

Solution-Focused Therapy

Answer 2

focuses on solutions to problems instead of the etiology and nature of problems. Solution-focused therapists adopt a goal-directed collaborative approach and use several types of questions to help clients identify treatment goals and personal strengths and resources that will help them achieve those goals

Question 3

The miracle question in solution focused therapy

Answer 3

The miracle question is used to help establish the focus of treatment as the future (rather than the past or present) and identify treatment goals. Example: If a miracle happened during the night and your problem was solved, how would you know that a miracle occurred?

Question 4

Exception questions in solution focused therapy

Answer 4

Exception questions are used to help clients identify times when their problems did not exist or were less intense. Example: Can you think of a time in the past two weeks when you and your partner did not argue?

Question 5

scaling questions in solution focused therapy

Answer 5

Scaling questions help clients evaluate their current status or their progress toward achieving their goals. Example: On a scale from 1 to 10, with 1 being totally relaxed and 10 being the most stressed you’ve ever been, how stressed are you now?

Question 6

Transtheoretical Model

Answer 6

integrates concepts and strategies from multiple therapeutic approaches and is based on the assumption that strategies are most effective when they match the person’s stage of change. It distinguishes between six stages of change, and the primary goal of the first five stages is to help the client advance to the next stage:

Question 7

Precontemplation stage in Transtheoretical Model

Answer 7

Clients in the precontemplation stage have no intention of taking action to change their behaviors in the next six months.

Question 8

Contemplation stage in the Transtheoretical Model

Answer 8

Clients in this stage plan to change in the next six months but they’re ambivalent about changing

Question 9

Preparation stage in Transtheoretical Model

Answer 9

Clients in the preparation stage plan to take action within the next month.

Question 10

Action stage in Transtheoretical Model

Answer 10

Clients in the action stage are taking action to change their behaviors.

Question 11

Maintenance stage in Transtheoretical Model

Answer 11

Clients transition to the maintenance stage when they have maintained the desired behavior change for six months

Question 12

Termination stage in Transtheoretical Model

Answer 12

Clients in this stage are confident that their risk for relapse is low

Question 13

Motivational interviewing

Answer 13

Evoking the client’s motivation is “considered the heart of MI”

Question 14

Change talk in Motivational interviewing

Answer 14

consists of statements that favor change – e.g., I’d probably feel a lot better if I stopped smoking.

Question 15

Sustain talk in Motivational interviewing

Answer 15

Sustain talk consists of statements that favor maintaining the status quo – e.g., I’m just not ready to stop smoking.

Question 16

Discord in Motivational interviewing

Answer 16

consists of statements that signal dissonance in the therapist-client relationship – e.g., You just don’t understand what I’m going through.