Clinical Psychology

Question 1

acrophobia

Answer 1

an irrational fear of heights

Question 2

agoraphobia

Answer 2

an irrational fear of being in places or situations in which escape might be difficult

Question 3

amnesia

Answer 3

a dissociative disorder where individuals are unable to recall past experience, but this inability is not due to a neurological disorder

Question 4

anorexia nervousa

Answer 4

an eating disorder characterized by a refusal to maintain a normal body weight

Question 5

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 5

a personality disorder characterized by a pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others

Question 6

aphagia

Answer 6

the ability not to eat

Question 7

attention-deifict/hyperactivity disorder ADHD

Answer 7

a disorder characterized by developmentally atypical inattention and/or impulsive hyperactivity

Question 8

autism

Answer 8

a disorder whose essential features are lack of responsiveness to others, gross impairment in communication skills, and behaviors and interests that are repetitive, inflexibly routined, and stereotyped

Question 9

aversion therapy

Answer 9

a behavioral therapy of pairing unpleasant stimuli with undesirable behavior

Question 10

behavioral contracts

Answer 10

a therapeutic technique that is a negotiated agreement between two parties that explicitly stipulated the behavioral change that is desired and indicates consequences of certain acts

Question 11

borderline personality disorder

Answer 11

a personality disorder characterized by an instability in interpersonal behavior, mood, and self-image that borders on psychosis

Question 12

bulimia nervousa

Answer 12

an eating disorder that involves binge eating and excessive attempts to compensate for it by purging, fasting or excessive excercise

Question 13

cannon-bard theory

Answer 13

a theory of emotions stating that awareness of emotions reflects our physiological arousal and our cognitive experience of emotion

Question 14

claustrophobia

Answer 14

an irrational fear of closed places

Question 15

client centered therapy

Answer 15

carl rogers’ therapeutic technique that is based on the idea that clients have the freedom to control their own behavior, and that the client is able to reflect upon his or her problems, make, choices and take positive action

Question 16

compensation

Answer 16

a defense mechanism whereby something is done to make up for something that is lacking

Question 17

conversion disorders

Answer 17

disorders characterized by unexplained symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory functions, used to be called hysteria

Question 18

countertransference

Answer 18

in psychoanalysis, it occurs when the therapist experiences emotions in response to the client’s transference

Question 19

ACT Model (Adaptive Control of Thought)

Answer 19

a model that describes memory in terms of procedural and declarative memory

Question 20

cynophobia

Answer 20

a specific phobia referring to an irrational fear of dogs

Question 21

delusions

Answer 21

false beliefs, discordant with reality, that are maintained in spite of strong evidence on the contrary

Question 22

dementia praecox

Answer 22

the word literally means “split mind” and referred to sz

Question 23

down’s syndrome

Answer 23

a set of physiological conditions, including severe mental retardation resulting from an extra 21st chromosome

Question 24

empathy

Answer 24

the ability to vicarously experience the emotions of another, and thought by some social psychologists to be a strong influence on helping behavior

Question 25

equity theory

Answer 25

a theory stating that individuals strive to fairness and feel uncomfortable when there is a perception of a lack of fariness

Question 26

exchange theory

Answer 26

the tendency to evaluate interactions and relationships in terms of relative costs and benefits

Question 27

flooding

Answer 27

a behavioral modification technique used to treat anxiety disorders by exposing the client to the anxiety-producing stimulus

Question 28

free association

Answer 28

a psychoanalytic technique in which