Clinical Progression of HIV infection Flashcards
What are 3 stages of HIV?
Acute. Chronic. Profound immunosupression.
What is the acute HIV stage?
Virus infections resist immune response. This continues throughout a persons life but is controlled in the acute stage so HIV is not obvious. Virus remains and exhausts immune system.
How long was there no HIV effective treatment?
1983-1997
What year did the HIV epidemic peak?
1996
How many years does a HIV-1 remain in a chronic stage?
10 years.
What happens to the viral load in the chronic stage?
It decreases compared to the hight of acute phase.
What happens to the virus specific CLs and Th cells in chronic phase?
They remain high in attempt to fight the virus. Th cells decrease as chronic stage progresses and therefore there are not enough to help CTLs so these die too which allows viral load to increase.
How does HIV transmit sexually?
Infects Langerhans cells in rectal/vaginal mucosa. Moves to lymph nodes to replicate. Leads to HIV-1.
Symptoms of HIV infection?
Fever, Myalgia, Arthralgia
What is Viraemia?
Earliest sign of acute syndrome HIV. Existence of viral particles/virus in blood.
What is myalgia?
Pain in muscle/s.
What is arthralgia?
Pain in a joint.
What tissue becomes a major HIV reservoir?
Lymphoid tissue.
What happens in clinically latent phase of HIV?
Virus is concentrated in immune complexes in lymphoid follicles (held by DCs). CD4 cells destroyed. Low level of virus production.
What happens in Chronic progressive phase HIV?
CD4 cells are low so patients are at life-risk of any infection.
