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Fall 2024 - Exam Block IV > Clinical Pharmacology Exam IV > Flashcards

Clinical Pharmacology Exam IV Flashcards

1
Q

Name the different kinds of drugs that alter the CNS. (general)

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2
Q

Name the different kinds of neurotransmitters that affect the CNS.

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3
Q

Name the two different kinds of receptors that exist in the CNS.

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4
Q

Substances can cross the blood brain barrier if _____.

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5
Q

The blood brain barrier may be compromised if ____.

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6
Q

What is the MOA of anticonvulsant drugs?

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7
Q

Describe the pharmacokinetics of anticonvulsant drugs.

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8
Q

Describe some of the adverse side effects of anticonvulsant drugs.

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9
Q

What is a seizure?

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10
Q

What are the goals of anticonvulsants in controlling seizures?

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11
Q

Barbiturates and benzodiazepines bind _____ but on different ____.

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12
Q

What is the normal MOA of GABA on the GABA-A receptor?

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13
Q

Describe the MOA of barbiturates on the GABA-A receptor.

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14
Q

Describe the MOA of benzodiazepines on the GABA-A receptor.

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15
Q

Describe the properties of the GABA-A receptor.

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16
Q

Barbiturates and benzodiazepines cause an influx of chloride into the cell, what happens after that?

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17
Q

List the different kinds of barbiturates that we use in veterinary medicine.

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18
Q

Describe the indications and clinical uses of phenobarbital.

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19
Q

Describe the indications and clinical uses of primidone.

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20
Q

Describe the indications and clinical uses of pentobarbital.

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21
Q

Describe the absorption of phenobarbital.

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22
Q

Describe the distribution of phenobarbital.

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23
Q

Describe the metabolism and excretion of phenobarbital.

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24
Q

What are the side effects of phenobarbital?

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25
Q

What are the contraindications to using phenobarbital?

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26
Q

____ is one the most POTENT drugs to induce hepatic microbial enzymes.

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27
Q

Describe some of the drug interactions that can occur with phenobarbital.

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28
Q

What should you consider when dosing and monitoring your patients on phenobarbital?

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29
Q

T/F: Phenytoin is used in veterinary medicine.

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False

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30
Q

List the different benzodiazepines we use in veterinary medicine.

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31
Q

List the indications and clinical uses of benzodiazepines in veterinary medicine.

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32
Q

Describe the absorption of benzodiazepines.

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33
Q

Describe the distribution of benzodiazepines.

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34
Q

Describe the metabolism and excretion of benzodiazepines.

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35
Q

What are the side effects of benzodiazepines?

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36
Q

What are the contraindications to using benzodiazepines?

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37
Q

Describe the indications and clinical uses of potassium bromide.

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38
Q

Describe the MOA of potassium bromide.

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39
Q

Describe the absorption of potassium bromide.

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40
Q

Describe the distribution of potassium bromide.

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41
Q

Describe the metabolism and excretion of potassium bromide.

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42
Q

What are the side effects of potassium bromide?

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43
Q

What are the contraindications to using potassium bromide?

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44
Q

Valproic acid and sodium valproate are not recommended due to _____.

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45
Q

Describe the indications and clinical uses of gabapentin.

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46
Q

What is the MOA of gabapentin?

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47
Q

Describe the absorption of gabapentin.

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48
Q

Describe the distribution of gabapentin.

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49
Q

Describe the metabolism and excretion of gabapentin.

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50
Q

What are the adverse reactions and side effects of gabapentin?

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51
Q

What are the contraindications and precautions to using gabapentin?

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52
Q

What drug interactions occur with gabapentin?

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53
Q

What are the different kinds of drugs we use for restraint and seizure control in horses?

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54
Q

What effects to phenothiazines NOT have in horses? What undesirable effects can they have in stallions?

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55
Q

What are the uses of benzodiazepines in equine practice?

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56
Q

What species is the most sensitive to alpha-2 agonist?

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Cattle

57
Q

What type of arrhythmia do alpha 2 agonists cause in horses?

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2nd degree AV block

58
Q

What is the reversal agent for alpha-2 agonists?

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Atepamizole / Yohimbine

59
Q

What are some common behavioral issues that we commonly treat in veterinary medicine?

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60
Q

What are the goals of the 2015 AAHA Canine and Feline Behavior Management Guidelines?

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61
Q

What is separation anxiety?

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62
Q

What is a noise phobia?

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63
Q

What is a panic disorder?

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64
Q

What are some common nonspecific signs of anxiety?

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65
Q

5-HT is _____.
NE is _____.
DA is _____.

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66
Q

What are some drugs that we use as part of our medical behavioral modification plan?

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67
Q

____ is a tricyclic antidepressant that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.

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68
Q

____ is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.

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69
Q

____ is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.

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70
Q

____ is a centrally acting 2A agonist that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.

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71
Q

Clomipramine (ClomiCalm) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.

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72
Q

Fluoxetine (Reconcile) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.

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73
Q

Selegiline (Anipryl) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.

A
74
Q

Dexmedetomidine (SILEO) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.

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75
Q

What are some of the major drugs classes that we use in our behavior modification treatment plants? List some examples.

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76
Q

Describe the uses and indications of benzodiazepines for behavior modification.

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77
Q

What is the MOA of benzodiazepines?

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78
Q

What are the wanted and unwanted effects of benzodiazepines?

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79
Q

What are the contraindications to using benzodiazepines?

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80
Q

_____ is a benzodiazepine known to cause hepatic necrosis in cats.

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81
Q

_____ is a benzodiazepine known to cause liver dysfunction.

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82
Q

What is the MOA of buspirone (BuSpar)?

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83
Q

What are the different uses and indications of buspirone (BuSpar)?

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84
Q

What are the pharmacokinetics of buspirone (BuSpar)?

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85
Q

What are the adverse effects and drug interactions of buspirone (BuSpar)?

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86
Q

What are the different kinds of antidepressants that we use in veterinary medicine?

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87
Q

Describe the role that monamine plays in the expression of mood.

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88
Q

What is the MOA of reuptake inhibitors?

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89
Q

What is the MOA of monoamine oxidase inhibitors?

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90
Q

List the different tricyclic antidepressants we use in veterinary medicine.

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91
Q

Describe the MOA of TCA.

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92
Q

Describe the use of TCA in dogs and cats.

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93
Q

Describe the pharmacokinetics of TCA.

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94
Q

Describe the side effects of TCA.

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95
Q

List the different SSRI drugs that we use in veterinary medicine.

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96
Q

Describe the MOA of SSRI.

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97
Q

Describe the use of SSRI.

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98
Q

Describe the pharmacokinetics of SSRI.

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99
Q

What is the cause of serotonin syndrome? What does it present like clinically?

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100
Q

What are the precautions and adverse reactions to using fluoxetine in dogs with separation anxiety?

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101
Q

Name the MAOI that we use in veterinary medicine.

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102
Q

Describe the MOA of MAOI.

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103
Q

Describe the uses/indications of MAOI.

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104
Q

Describe the pharmacokinetics of MAOI.

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105
Q

Describe the side effects of MAOI.

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106
Q

Describe the contraindications to using MAOI.

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107
Q

Describe the key benefits and safety information regarding the use of Selegiline (Anipryl).

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108
Q

Describe the uses and indications to using alpha 2 agonists as part of a behavior modification treatment plan.

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109
Q

Describe the MOA of alpha-2 agonist.

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110
Q

Describe the adverse effects, contraindications and drug interactions of alpha 2 agonists.

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111
Q

What is some important safety information regarding the use of dexmedetomidine (Sileo) in dogs with canine noise aversion?

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112
Q

Describe the indications and uses of trazodone.

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113
Q

Describe the MOA of trazodone.

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114
Q

Describe the adverse reactions, contraindications and drug interactions of trazodone.

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115
Q

Describe the wanted and unwanted effects of trazodone in horses.

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116
Q

What is a good drug option for a canine with separation anxiety and salivation?

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117
Q

What is a good drug option for a canine with separation anxiety and destructive behavior?

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118
Q

What is a good drug option for a canine with separation anxiety and noise reactivity?

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119
Q

What is a good drug option for a canine with a panic disorder?

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120
Q

What are some good drugs option for fearful dogs and cats?

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121
Q

How do we diagnose and treat feline urine marking?

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Fall 2024 - Exam Block IV (3 decks)

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