Clinical Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

toxicity

Answer 1

either we gave too much of the medication OR the patient’s liver or kidneys are not metabolizing and eliminating the medication

Question 2

Linear Kinetics & non-linear kinetics

Answer 2

Linear (first order) - Concentration is equal to elimination
- Constant proportion (%) of drug eliminated over time

Non-linear (zero order) - medicine will get reabsorbed and recirculate

• cannot assume that concentration would be equivalent to elimination
• constant amount (milligrams) of drug is eliminated over time

slide 5

Question 3

Drug receptor complex

Answer 3

• drug is looking for the right receptor.
• if drug connects with the wrong receptor, it can cause side effects
• there are diff receptors in our body that drugs are designed for those specific receptors

slide 7

Question 4

Transmembrane Ligand-gated ion channels

Question 5

Transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

Question 6

enzyme-linked receptors

Question 7

intracellular receptors

Question 8

Desensitization/Downregulation of receptors

Answer 8

Desensitization: building up receptors in the body by giving small amounts of a medication

The downside is if you miss a medication you would need to start all over and have to build up a tolerance and create those receptors again.

Question 9

competitive inhibition