Clinical Manifestations of Aids

Question 1

What is a common clinical manifestation of AIDS in the primary stage?

A) Severe cough and shortness of breath
B) Severe weight loss and muscle weakness
C) Asymptomatic or lymphadenopathy
D) Skin rashes and joint pain

Answer 1

C) Asymptomatic or lymphadenopathy

Question 2

What is the intermediate stage of AIDS known as?

A) HIV-1 Stage
B) ARC (AIDs- related complex)
C) Pre-AIDS Phase
D) CD4 Deficiency Stage

Answer 2

B) ARC (AIDs- related complex)

Question 3

What is the typical CD4:CD8 ratio in a healthy individual, and what ratio is considered abnormal in the context of severe infectious or destruction of T helper cells?

A) 1:1 is normal, 3:1 is abnormal
B) 2:1 is normal, 0.5:1 is abnormal
C) 3:1 is normal, 1:2 is abnormal
D) 1:2 is normal, 2:1 is abnormal

Answer 3

B) 2:1 is normal, 0.5:1 is abnormal, the result of severe infectious or destruction of T helper cells.

Question 4

What is the typical timeframe for the final stage of AIDS to occur after the initial infection?
A) 2-10 days
B) 2-10 months
C) 2-10 years
D) 2-10 decades

Answer 4

C) 2-10 years

Question 5

In the final stage of AIDS, severe depletion of the immune system can lead to which of the following clinical manifestations?
A) Enhanced immune response
B) Strengthened T helper cells
C) Fungal infections
D) Improved overall health

Answer 5

C) Fungal infections

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the clinical manifestation of the final stage of AIDS?

A) Increased white blood cell count indicating heightened immune response.

B) Decreased CD4 cells leading to opportunistic infections and cancer.

C) Elevated levels of CD8 cells demonstrating robust cellular immunity.

D) Enhanced antibody production combating opportunistic infections.

Answer 6

B) Decreased CD4 cells leading to opportunistic infections and cancer.

Question 7

Enumerate the 9 Opportunistic Pathogens

Answer 7

1. Pneumocystis carinii
2. M. avium-intracellulare complex
3. Candida albicans
4. Cryptosporidium parvum
5. Toxoplasma gondii
6. Cryptococcus neoformans
7. Herpes Simplex (I and II)
8. Legionella spp
9. Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 8

What is the primary cause of Kaposi’s sarcoma, and which site is most frequently affected by this malignancy?

A) Caused by human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HHV-1); most frequently affects the liver.
B) Caused by human herpes simplex virus type 2 (HHV-2); most frequently affects the kidney.
C) Caused by human herpes simplex virus type 8 (HHV-8); most frequently affects the skin and linings of internal organs, lymphomas, and cancers of the rectum and lung.
D) Caused by human papillomavirus (HPV); most frequently affects the brain.

Answer 8

C) Caused by human herpes simplex virus type 8 (HHV-8); most frequently affects the skin and linings of internal organs, lymphomas, and cancers of the rectum and lung.