Clinical kinetics Flashcards
1
Q
Define bioavailability.
A
extent to which a drug reaches the systemic circulation where it is available to act at the ‘effector site’.
2
Q
How many half lives does it take to clear most of the drug from the body (95% clearance)?
A
Approximately 5 half lives
3
Q
What is likely to lower a drug’s volume distribution?
A
- highly water soluble - require less volume to dissolve
- extensively protein bound - stay in plasma more
4
Q
What is the volume distribution (Vd) of a drug?
A
Is how a drug distributes in the body. Vd as a value is the dose of drug/volume of fluid needed to dissolve the whole dose. vd is often much higher than a patients circulating volume.
5
Q
What increases a drug’s vd?
A
Drugs that are highly lipid soluble as they go move more into cells and tissues
6
Q
What drugs need therapeutic drug monitoring?
A
- digoxin
- gentamycin
- vancomycin
- lithium salts
