clinical features and management of restrictive lung disease Flashcards
define the term ‘restrictive’ in relation to lung function
forced vital capacity of less than 80% of the predicted normal
test by spirometry
lung causes of restriction
interstitial lung diseases like:- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Sarcoidosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
pleural causes of restriction
pleural effusion
pneumothorax
pleural thickening
skeletal causes of restriction
kyphoscoliosis
ankylosing spondylitis
thoracoplasty
rib fractures
musclular causes of restriction
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
where is the interstitium of the lung
space between alveolar sack and capillary
what can thickening of the interstitium result in
pulmonary fibrosis
main 3 interstitium lung diseases
sacoidosis
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
what is sarcoidosis
Multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause
who gets sarcoidosis?
adults under the age of 40
women more so than men
how do you investigate sarcoidosis
History and examination
CXR
pulmonary function tests
bloods/urinalysis/ ECG/ TB skin test/ eye exam
what 2 types of surgical biopsies can be done?
mediastinoscopy
video assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy
how should erythema nodosum/arthralgia be treated
NSAIDs
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
how should Skin lesions / anterior uveitis / cough be treated
topical steroids
how should Cardiac, neurological, eye disease not responding to topical Rx, hypercalcaemia be treated
systemic steroids
