Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Respiratory System > Clinical Examination And Signs Of Common Resp Diseases > Flashcards

Clinical Examination And Signs Of Common Resp Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What does SQITARS stand for?

A 
Site
Quality 
Intensity 
Timing
Aggravating factors
Relieving factors
Secondary symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 7 principle symptoms for respiratory conditions?

A 
Chest pain
Breathlessness
Cough 
Sputum 
Haemoptysis 
Wheeze 
Hoarseness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe pleuritic chest pain

A

Can be anywhere in the chest
Sharp
Made worse by deep inspiration and coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give some causes of pleuritic chest pain

A

Lobar pneumonia
PE
Infarction
Pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define dyspnoea

A

An awareness that it is taking an abnormal amount of effort to breathe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give some common causes of breathlessness

A 
Unfit
Infection 
Pleural effusion 
COPD
Anaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do we assess how bad dyspnoea is?

A

MRC dyspnoea score

1 - 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give some characteristics that can describe coughing

A 
Throat clearing 
Barking
With blood 
Painful 
Productive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the likely cause of a cough lasting < 3 weeks?

A

Upper/lower resp tract infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some causes of a cough lasting > 3 weeks?

A 
COPD
Asthma 
Reflux
Lung carcinoma 
Medication (ACEi)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give some causes of haemoptysis

A 
Bronchitis 
Bronchial carcinoma
Pneumonia
Pulmonary infarction 
TB
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give some causes of a wheeze

A

Asthma
COPD
Foreign body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What gives hoarseness of voice?

A

Transient inflammation of vocal cords

Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (LHS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drugs can give a wheeze as a side effect?

A

Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When we stand back and observe the patient in resp exam, what are we looking at?

A

Comfort
Breathing - fast, laboured, accessory muscle use
Medication/machines/oxygen around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can lung cancer give wasting of hands?

A

Apical lung tumours
T1 nerve root compression
Atrophy of muscles of hands

17
Q

What is a pigeon chest?

A

Prominent sternum/costal cartilage

18
Q

What is a funnel chest?

A

Depression of lower end of sternum

19
Q

What happens to vocal resonance with consolidation?

A

Increases

We can hear 99 more clearly through the stethoscope

20
Q

What investigations might you state for completion at the end of a resp exam?

A

Peak flow
Sputum exam and culture
Temperature

21
Q

What do we call the normal breathing sounds?

A

Vesicular

22
Q

Why might we get reduced chest movements on one side?

A

Pain
Lung collapse
Fluid
Obstruction

23
Q

Why might we get reduced chest movement on both sides of lungs?

A 
Stiff lungs (ILD)
Hyperinflated (COPD, severe asthma)
24
Q

Why do you get reduced/absent breath sounds?

A

Air or fluid between lung and chest wall

25
Q

When is vocal resonance increased?

A

When bronchial breathing is present

26
Q

What is tactile vocal fremitus?

A

Palpable vocal resonance

27
Q

Describe how lobar pneumonia would appear in the clinical examination

A 
Central trachea
Reduced chest movements on affected side
Dull percussion of affected area
Bronchial breath sounds 
Increased vocal resonance 
Crackles 
\+/- pleural ribs if spread to pleura
28
Q

Describe how pleural effusion would appear in the resp clinical exam

A 
Mediastinum shifted away 
Reduced chest movements on affected side
Stony dullness over area 
Vesicular breast sounds (reduced intensity on affected side)
Reduced vocal resonance
29
Q

Describe how pneumothorax would appear in the resp clinical exam

A 
Mediastinum shifted away 
Reduced chest movements on affected side
Hyperresonant over affected area
Reduced/absent breath sounds on affected side
Reduced vocal resonance
30
Q

Describe how lobar/lung collapse would appear in the resp clinical exam

A

Mediastinum pulled to affected side
Decreased chest movements on affected side
Percussion - normal or dull
Breath sounds decreased or absent where affected
Reduced vocal resonance

31
Q

Describe how localised lung fibrosis would appear in the resp clinical exam

A 
Mediastinum pulled towards affected side
Chest movements reduced on affected side
Percussion = normal/dull
Vesicular breath sounds (+ crackles)
Normal or increased vocal resonance - because trachea is closer to affected part (pulled)
32
Q

Describe how diffuse lung fibrosis would appear in the resp clinical exam

A 
Central mediastinum 
Symmetrically reduced chest movements 
Normal percussion 
Vesicular breath sounds (+ crackles) 
Normal/increased vocal resonance
33
Q

Describe how COPD/asthma would appear on a clinical resp exam

A

Central mediastinum
Chest movements reduced on both sides (already hyperinflated)
Resonant percussion (bullae may be hyperresonant)
Wheezing
Vesicular breath sounds
Normal vocal resonance

34
Q

Where does the liver normally start?

A

5th ICS

35
Q

What can happen to the liver in COPD?

A

May be pushed down by lungs
May be palpable in the abdomen
Lungs may stay resonant further down

Respiratory System (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions