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Nutrition > Clinical Eq. Nutrition > Flashcards

Clinical Eq. Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Which hay causes wt. gain?

A

Alfalfa

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2
Q

Why should you avoid feeding alfalfa to foals?

A

High Ca may interfere with electrolyte absorption and inc. P may lead to osteochondrosis

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3
Q

Which spp. of hay contains toxic blister beetles?

A

Alfalfa

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4
Q

What is the problem with feeding horses fescue?

A

contaminated with endophyte causing ergot alkaloids (fungi)

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5
Q

C/S of Fescue Toxicosis

A
  1. prolonged gestation
  2. Premature separation of placenta
  3. Dystocia
  4. Retained placenta
  5. Agalactia
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6
Q

how do you prevent Fescue toxicosis?

A

move late gestation mares off pasture

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7
Q

What is the problem with feeding red clover

A

Infected with mold (Rhizoctonia leguminicola)

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8
Q

What is the toxin that causes horses who eat red clover to drool

A

Slaframine

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9
Q

What are 3 concentrate issues?

A

1 .Graiin overload

  1. Ionophore Toxicity
  2. Moldy corn dz
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10
Q

What are 4 side effects of grain overload!

A
  1. Colic
  2. Colitis
  3. Gastric rupture
  4. Laminitis
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11
Q

C/S of Ionophore toxicity

A

Trembling, sweating, death, GI signs

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12
Q

What is leukoencephalomalacia?

A

moldy corn poisoning

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13
Q

C/S of Moldy corn poisoning

A

white matter liquefaction

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14
Q

C/S of Esophageal obstruction

A
  1. Dysphagia
  2. Nasal discharge
  3. Gagging
  4. Trouble swallowing
  5. stretching of neck
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15
Q

Three feeds associated with esophageal obstruction

A
  1. Pelleted feeds
  2. Hay cubes
  3. Beet pulp
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16
Q

Tx of esophagal obstruction

A
  1. Sedation

2. Naso-gastric tube

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17
Q

Abnormal oral behaviors associated with feed management?

A
  1. Cribbing
  2. Wind-sucking
  3. Wood chewing
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18
Q

Locomotor stereotypes not associated with feed management

A
  1. Weaving
  2. Stall walking
  3. Head shaking
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19
Q

C/S of dental issues in horses

A
  1. wt. loss
  2. Dropping feed
  3. Difficulty eating
  4. Quidding
20
Q

What do blister beetles cause in horses

A

Canthardian toxicosis

21
Q

C/S of Blister beetle toxicosis in horses

A
  1. colic
  2. depression
  3. anorexia
  4. GIT erosions
  5. Freq. urination
22
Q

Tx. of Canthardian toxicosis

A

no tx supportive care:
NSAIDS
Fluids

23
Q

Tx of colic

A
  1. NSAIDs (Flunixin)
  2. Rectal exam
  3. NG intubation
24
Q

Tx of laminitis

A
  1. NSAIDS
  2. DMSO
  3. Vasodilators
  4. Shoeing
  5. Tenotomy
  6. No carb diet
25
Q

Performance horses will consume ___ % of BW in dry feeds

A

2-2.5

26
Q

T/F performance horses may be put on a low grain high roughage diet to inc. performance

A

F. high grain, low roughage

27
Q

3 common health concerns for aged horses

A
  1. Dental issues
  2. Parasitism
  3. Arthritis
28
Q

What is the concern with feeding starved horses?

A

avoid high quality diet, will get refeeding syndrome, avoid deworming too

29
Q

Tx of Equine metabolic syndrome

A
  1. low glycemic index diet
  2. exercise
  3. levothyroxine sodium
30
Q

Life threatening condition of ponies, donkeys, and mini horses characterized by sudden breakdown of body fat stores

A

Hyperlipemia

31
Q

Predisposing factors of hyperlipemia

A
  1. obesity
  2. prego/lactating female
  3. insulin insensitive breeds
32
Q

Precipitating factors of hyperlipemia

A
  1. inadequate feed intake
  2. stress
  3. pain
  4. dz
33
Q

C/S of hyperlipemia

A
  1. anorexia
  2. Dysphagia
  3. colic
  4. pyrexia
  5. encephalopathy
  6. rapid wt. loss
34
Q

What will you find in inc. amts. in hyperlipemic ponies?

A
  1. FFAs
  2. Glycerol
  3. LDLs
35
Q

how do you tx hyperlipemia?

A
  1. Tx identifiable precipitating factors
  2. Tx Secondary problems
  3. Reduce LDLs
36
Q

What are 5 developmental orthopedic diseases discussed in class?

A
  1. physitis
  2. angular limb deformities
  3. Flexural deformities
  4. Osteochondrosis and OCD
  5. Cervical vertebral malformation
37
Q

Key factors thought to be involved in Developmental orthopedic disease:

A
  1. rapid growth
  2. Diet imbalance
  3. Biomechanical stress/trauma
  4. Hormones
  5. Genetic presisposition
38
Q

Etiological factors related to DOD?

A
  1. high energy intake

2. Failure of vascularization

39
Q

Most common DOD in thurobreds

A

physitis/epiphysitis

40
Q

What is Physitis

A

inflam of the physis

41
Q

Tx of Physitis

A
  1. dec. nutritional plane (roughage only)
  2. rest
  3. NSAIDs
42
Q

Disturbances in endochondrial differentiation, proliferation, maturation and ossification of fast growing animals

A

Osteochondrosis

43
Q

C/S of Osteochondrosis and OCD in horses

A
  1. joint effusion

2. lameness

44
Q

how do you tx osteochondrosis and OCD

A

arthroscopy

45
Q

What is a bagby basket used to treat?

A

spinal fusion used to tx cervical vertebral malformation

Nutrition (5 decks)

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