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RMT > CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > Flashcards

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY Flashcards

1
Q

Common site for venipuncture

A

ANTECUBITAL FOSSA

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2
Q

Preferred vein for venipuncture

A

Median cubital vein

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3
Q

Second choice vein and often the only vein felt in obese patients

A

CEPHALIC VEIN

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4
Q

Last choice

Not well anchored and rolls easily
Increased risk of puncturing a median cutaneous nerve branch or the brachial artery

Not recommended unless no other vein in either arm is more prominent

A

BASILIC VEIN

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5
Q

T or F

veins on the back of the hand and wrist may also be used for venipuncture

A

TRUE

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6
Q

T or F:

veins on the underside of the wrist, however, should never be used for venipunciure.
Leg, ankle, and foot veins are sometimes used but not without permission of the patient’s physician, due to a potential for significant medical complications.

A

TRUE

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7
Q

The time it takes for SERUM to clot?
Centrifugation approx.______

A

30 minutes

10 minutes at an RCF of 1000-2000 g

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8
Q

What sample use for emergency cases? Why?

A

HEPARINIZED PLASMA
- Stat and other tests requiring a fast turnaround time (TAT) are often coilected in tubes containing heparin anticoagulant because they can be centrifuged immediately to obtain plasma.

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9
Q

Used for most hematology tests and many POCT’s

A

WHOLE BLOOD

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10
Q

Preferred method for venipuncture

A

ETS

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11
Q

Application of tourniquet must NOT BE LEFT on LONGER than ______

Tourniquet size________ wide and ______long

A

<1 minute
1 inch wide x 15 inch long

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12
Q

Gauge and bore relationship

A

INVERSELY related

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13
Q

Considered standard gauge for routine venipuncture

A

21 gauge

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14
Q

Preferred needle length

A

1 inch- provides better control

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15
Q

Preferred needle gauge for pediatric patients

A

23 gauge

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16
Q

handheld medical device that helps medical staff visualize veins before phlebotorny

A

AccuVein

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17
Q

Accuvein emits what light and held about _____ over the potential pheb site.

A

INFRARED light; 7 inches

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18
Q

Tube that can activate coagulation pathway (intrinsic)

A

Red (glass)- negatively charge

19
Q

Preferred anticoagulant for PBS

A

K3 EDTA in liquid form

20
Q

Preferred anticoagulant for hematology

A

K2 EDTA/ spray-dried

21
Q

Tube in blood banking

A

Pink

22
Q

Molecular diagnostics

A

White

23
Q

What is the anticoagulant used in light blue top?

2 concentration:
______
______

What concentration has the risk for over-anticoagulation and used primarily to patients having hight HCT. ?

Inversion:______

A

Sodium citrate

3.2%
3.8%

3.8%

3-4x

24
Q

Tube for ESR?

Blood to anticoagulant ratio

A

Black

4:1

25
Q

Green, light green/black anticoagulant: ______
The universal anticoagulant

A

Sodium heparin, lithium heparin
—-can administer IV to patients
Least interferences

26
Q

Contains sodium heparin, EDTA
For toxicology

A

Royal blue

27
Q

Gray tube anticoagulant?
Gray tube additive?

A

Potassium oxalate
Sodium fluoride

28
Q

Sterile containing sodium polyanetholsulfonate

A

Yellow

29
Q

Binds Mg2+ thus inhibiting the Mg dependent enzyme, enolase

A

Sodium fluoride

30
Q

Containes ACD, for blood banking, HLA phenotyping and paternity testing

A

Yellow

31
Q

Tan (glass) contains?

A

Sodium heparin
- for plasma/lead testing
-Inhibits thrombin formation

32
Q

Tan (plastic) contains?

A

K2EDTA
Plasma lead testing
Chelates(binds) calcium

33
Q

Thrombin containing tube
A clot activator

A

Yellow/gray and orange
5 minutes-clotting

34
Q

Preferred specimen for newborn screening test

A

Capillary blood

35
Q

Length of lancet

A

<2.0 mm to avoid penetrating bone

36
Q

Sites for capillary puncture?

A
  1. Palmar surface of 3rd and 4th fingers
  2. Lateral plantar heel surface (preferred for newborn)
  3. Earlobes
37
Q

For blood gas analysis and pH measurements

A

Arterial puncture

38
Q

Are used instead of evacuated tubes because of the pressure in an arterial blood vessel

A

Syringes

39
Q

Preferred anticoagulant in arterial puncture

A

Heparin

40
Q

Primary arterial sites (in order of preferences)

A
  1. Radial
  2. Brachial
  3. Femoral arteries
41
Q

Major complications of arterial puncture

A

Thrombosis
Hemorrhage
Infection

42
Q

Done before collection of arterial blood from radial artery

A

Modified allen test

43
Q

Array of signs and symptoms resulting from increased cortisol

A

Cushing syndrome

44
Q

Increased ACTH from the pituitary gland resulting to increased cortisol

A

Cushing disease

RMT (10 decks)

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