Clinical Care of the Skin, Hair, and Nails Flashcards
abrupt onset of erythematous papules or pustules with pruritus and pain in hairy areas
Hair emanating from the center of the pustule
Folliculitis
significant problem in predisposed individuals who are required to shave closely
affects those with curly hair or those with hair follicles oriented at an oblique angle
Pseudofolliculitis Barbae
a contagious, superficial, inteaepidermal infection occurring prominently on exposed areas of the face and extremities
formation of vesiculopustules that rupture leading to crusting with characterized golden appearance
non Bullous impetigo
a contagious, superficial, inteaepidermal infection occurring prominently on exposed areas of the face and extremities
progresses from small to large flaccid bullae ( newborn/young children) caused by epidermolytic toxin release: ruptured bullae leaving brown crust less lymophadenopathy
Bullous Impetigo
Unilateral lower extremity involvement is typical and systemic symptoms are usually absent
typically occurs near surgical wounds and trauma sites
cellulitis
rapid progressing infection involving any layer of soft tissue including skin subcutaneous fat, fascia and or muscle
Risk Factors:
Trauma
immunosuppression
malignancy
obesity
Alcoholism
Necrotizing Fasciitis
a well circumscribed, painful, supportive inflammatory nodule at any site that contains hair fiollicles
Furuncle (Boil)
A coalescene of several inflamed follicles into a single inflammatory amass with purulent drainage from multiple follicles
common on the back of neck upper back and lateral thighs
malaise, chills, and fever precede or occur during height of inflammation
Carbuncle
firm fluctuant flesh to yellow colored solitary nodule which often connect with the surface by keratin filled pores
Grow slowly over time and main remain stable for months to years
Stable epidermal Cyst
spontaneous inflammation
warm red and boggy mass tender to palpation
Inflamed/ ruptured Epidermal Cysts
abscess formation with fluctuant or visible pus involving the proximal and lateral nail folds that been present for less than six weeks
Paronychia
sever pain
abscess of the distal phalanx fat pad
Felon
Red, denuded, glistening surface with a long cigarette paper like scaling and advancing border
common in intertriginous area such as axillae, groin, digital web spaces, glans penis, beneath breasts
Fungal Infection
velvety tan, pink or white macules that do not tan
color is uniform
woods lamp shows hypo pigmented areas
Tinea Versicolor
Hx of direct contact of the nail with dermatophytes, yest, or non-dermatophyte molds in the environment
Nail discoloration, subungual kyperkeratosis, splitting of the nail plate and nail destruction
Onychomycosis
Contact with another infected person
affected area finger webs, wrists, sides of hand ans feet, penis, buttocks, scrotum
intense puritus that worsens at night
Positive ink test
Scabies
Self limiting papulosquamous skin rash common in 10-35yo
C/o malaise, mild fever, headache, sore throat, cough, mild URI or GI symptoms
begins with a solitary herald patch that appears on the trunk or proximal limbs that precede secondary eruption by 7-14days
Lesions are distributed with long axes along cleavage (Langer) lines
“Christmas tree pattern”
V shaped pattern on upper chest
Associated with spontaneous abortion and fetal demise
Pituriasis Rosea
Asymptomatic or cause self limiting gingivostomatitis
affects all oral mucousa
last longer that recurrence
Primary Herpes Simplex
prodome of perioral tingling, itching, numbness, pain, or burning followed by papukovesicular
affects vemillion boards of lips or mucousa
less sever than primary infection
Recurrent infections
preceding rash (1-5) days before onset of paresthesia with allodynia or hyperesthesia describes as deep “burning,” “throbbing,” or “stabbing” sensation
Rash will begin as red macules and papules that progress to clear vesicles within 1-2 days, they will appear unilateral, without mid line crossing thoracic, cranial, lumbar, cervical dermatones
Herpes Zoster (shingle)
contact with strong allergens
pt. present w/ vesicles, edema, redness, and extreme pruitus
Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD)
well demarcated salmon pink to red erythematous papules and placques silvery scales
Nail findings: Pitting, oil, spots, onycholysis
Auspitz sign: Pinpoint bleeding with removal of scale
Psoriasis
chronic, superficial recurrent inflammatory rash affecting sebum rich hairy regions of the body especially the scalp eyebrows and face
Seborrgeic Dermatitis (Dandruff)
mild erythema to highly painful and erythema with edema, vesiculation, and blistering
increase to heat and mechanical pressure
Sunburn
transient, edematous, red plaques, vary in size and shape; typically round or oval. may become confluent polycyclic
Acute Urticaria
most common acquired benign epithelial tumor of the skin
begins as circumscribed tan brown patches or thin plaques
Papular or verrucous with greasy scale and a stuck on appearance
Seborrheic Keratosis
“rough sandpaper like” lesion
becomes more defined and develops a thin/adherent, yellowish or transparent scale
Sctinic Keratosis (AK)
ugly duckling lesion
will be:
Asymmetrical
Boarders Irregular
Color changes
Diameter >6mm
Evolving
Melanoma
