Clinical Bacteriology Flashcards
Gold standard diagnostic method
Necropsy
A direct fecal smear is ideal for detecting _________. Examine for trophozoits with ________ and cysts with ________ _________.
Giardia
Saline
Lugols Iodine
Fecal sedimentation is ideal for detecting __________ and to a lesser extent __________.
Fluke Eggs (trematodes) Cestodes
The _________________ is used for isolating nematode larvae but only with a ___________. How does this test work?
Baermann Technique
Fresh Sample
Warm water makes L1 stage migrate out and fall down funneled tube to collection container.
McMaster Egg Counting technique is a…
method for determining the number of nematode eggs per gram of feces in order to estimate the worm burden in an animal
using a counting chamber
fecal float tests for
nematode eggs
some cestodes
protozoa
Adhesive tape method used to collect…..
pinworm eggs
cestodes
What is beneficial about smearing blood? What does this method make easier to find? Example?
Concentrates parasites and cells based on size.
Microfilaria
Protozoa (Cryptosporidium, Babesia canis)
Tissue samples/histology are good for testing for what? Examples?
Nematodes
Protozoa
Sarcocystis
Spirocerca lupi
Examples of immunodiagnostics
Serology for heartworm (HW ELISA)
Serology for chronic infections (Babesia in cattle)
Give an example of a molecular diagnostic method and why it is beneficial.
PCR
High sensitivity
Give two ways to detect viruses by culture/isolation. Define the cytopathic effect.
Cultivation/Isolation in cells/tissue culture
Inoculation in eggs
Cytopathic effect- damage or morphological changes to host cells during virus invasion
Electron microscopy can be used to detect ____________ and _______________.
ebola virus
influenza virus
Define serology. Give 3 examples.
detection of viral antigen or host antibody against virus
ELISA
Fluorescent antibody staining
Immunohistochemical staining
Methods used for the detection of viral nucleic acids.
RT-PCR/PCR
Quantitative PCR
Virus Genome Sequencing
