Clinical Assessment Level 1 Flashcards

1
Q

List the mandatory questions in a subjective assessment for the lower quadrant

A
  • Bladder, bowel, genital dysfunction
  • Saddle paraesthesia
  • rectal, scrotal, testicular, penile, vaginal, or perineal pain
  • groin and medial thigh pain
  • medication usage: steroids, anticoagulants, NSAIDs
  • special tests: x-rays, bone scans, CT scans, MRI, MRA, blood work
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2
Q

Hip flexion tests which nerve root level

A

L1-L2

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3
Q

Knee Extension tests which nerve root level?

A

L3

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4
Q

Ankle dorsiflexion tests which nerve root level

A

L4

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5
Q

Great toe extension and hip abduction test which nerve root level

A

L5

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6
Q

Plantarflexion, eversion and knee flexion test which nerve root level

A

S1

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7
Q

Hip extension tests which nerve root level

A

S2

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8
Q

The quadricep reflex tests which nerve root level

A

L3

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9
Q

The hamstring reflex tests which nerve root level

A

L5

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10
Q

The achilles tendon reflex tests which nerve root level

A

S1

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11
Q

List the cord and upper motor neuron signs

A

Plantar response

Clonus

Oppenheimer

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12
Q

How do you perform an Oppenheimer

A

Stroke the anteromedial tibia

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13
Q

What is a positive response on oppenheimer

A

Great toe extension and 4 small toes fanning

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14
Q

Which neural mobility tests should be performed in a lower quadrant scan

A

SLR

Slump

PKB

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15
Q

What should you assess in a vascular assessment in a lower quadrant scan

A

Femoral Pulse

Popliteal pulse

Tibial pulse

Dorsalis pedis pulse

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16
Q

What joint specific questions should be asked in a lumbar spine assessment?

A
  • Effects of sitting, standing, walking
  • Effects of fast and slow walking
  • Cough, sneeze, valsalva
  • Bed type (hard or soft)
  • Sleeping position
17
Q

What is the course of the inguinal ligament

A

From ASIS to pubic tubercles

18
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A
  • Inguinal ligament
  • Sartorius muscle
  • Adductor longus muscle
19
Q

Where is the femoral artery?

A

Runs under the inguinal ligament at the midway point

20
Q

The femoral nerve is _______ to the femoral artery

A

lateral

21
Q

The femoral vein is _______ to the femoral artery

A

medial

22
Q

The lumbar facet joints face _______

A

mediolaterally

23
Q

A palpable depression medial to the PSIS

A

Sacral sulcus

24
Q

5-6 cm caudal and slightly lateral to the PSIS

A

posterior inferior illiac spine

25
Q

Lies slightly higher than a horizontal line joining the upper tips of the greater trochanters

A

Sacrococcygeal joint

26
Q

Lies near the highest point of the buttock (in young people) attaches along the lateral border of the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

27
Q

Passes halfway between sacral apex and the greater trochanter; easiest to feel with the hip flexed in side lying

A

Sciatic nerve

28
Q

What should you palpate for in a lumbar spine assessment?

A
  • signs of facilitated segment
  • pallor or redness
  • skin thickening or altered texture
  • sweating
  • warmth
  • peau d’orange effect
29
Q

What are the joint stability tests that should be conducted as part of a lumbar spine assessment?

A
  • Anterior translation
  • Posterior translation
  • Lateral translation
  • Torsion
  • Compression
  • Traction
  • Farfan’s torsion test (facet joint irritation or pars interarticularis)
30
Q

What are joint specific questions in a hip assessment?

A
  • Reports of clicking or giving way
  • Morning stiffness and duration
  • Pain on squats, stairs
  • History of “W” sitting, in-toeing
  • footwear
31
Q

What should you observe in a hip assessment?

A
  • Lower extremity posture
  • Angulation of the femur
  • Position of the greater trochanter
  • Hip flexor deformity
  • Contour of the buttock
  • Congenital variations
  • Pelvic obliquity
  • Leg length discrepancy
  • Muscle wasting
  • Symmetry of weight bearing
  • Balance
  • Quality of the skin
  • Willingness to move
  • Swelling
32
Q

Which neural mobility tests should be performed as part of a hip assessment?

A
  • SLR
  • Prone knee bend
  • Slump
33
Q

What should be tested in a vascular assessment of the hip?

A

Femoral pulse

34
Q

What joint stability tests should be performed in a hip assessment?

A
  • Torque Test
  • Traction/Compression
35
Q

How is a torque test performed?

A

Patient supine at side of bed, extend leg and internally rotate femur, slowly apply posterolateral pressure along line of neck of femur to reproduce symptoms