Clinical Assessment Level 1 Flashcards
List the mandatory questions in a subjective assessment for the lower quadrant
- Bladder, bowel, genital dysfunction
- Saddle paraesthesia
- rectal, scrotal, testicular, penile, vaginal, or perineal pain
- groin and medial thigh pain
- medication usage: steroids, anticoagulants, NSAIDs
- special tests: x-rays, bone scans, CT scans, MRI, MRA, blood work
Hip flexion tests which nerve root level
L1-L2
Knee Extension tests which nerve root level?
L3
Ankle dorsiflexion tests which nerve root level
L4
Great toe extension and hip abduction test which nerve root level
L5
Plantarflexion, eversion and knee flexion test which nerve root level
S1
Hip extension tests which nerve root level
S2
The quadricep reflex tests which nerve root level
L3
The hamstring reflex tests which nerve root level
L5
The achilles tendon reflex tests which nerve root level
S1
List the cord and upper motor neuron signs
Plantar response
Clonus
Oppenheimer
How do you perform an Oppenheimer
Stroke the anteromedial tibia
What is a positive response on oppenheimer
Great toe extension and 4 small toes fanning
Which neural mobility tests should be performed in a lower quadrant scan
SLR
Slump
PKB
What should you assess in a vascular assessment in a lower quadrant scan
Femoral Pulse
Popliteal pulse
Tibial pulse
Dorsalis pedis pulse
What joint specific questions should be asked in a lumbar spine assessment?
- Effects of sitting, standing, walking
- Effects of fast and slow walking
- Cough, sneeze, valsalva
- Bed type (hard or soft)
- Sleeping position
What is the course of the inguinal ligament
From ASIS to pubic tubercles
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
- Inguinal ligament
- Sartorius muscle
- Adductor longus muscle
Where is the femoral artery?
Runs under the inguinal ligament at the midway point
The femoral nerve is _______ to the femoral artery
lateral
The femoral vein is _______ to the femoral artery
medial
The lumbar facet joints face _______
mediolaterally
A palpable depression medial to the PSIS
Sacral sulcus
5-6 cm caudal and slightly lateral to the PSIS
posterior inferior illiac spine
Lies slightly higher than a horizontal line joining the upper tips of the greater trochanters
Sacrococcygeal joint
Lies near the highest point of the buttock (in young people) attaches along the lateral border of the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
Sacrotuberous ligament
Passes halfway between sacral apex and the greater trochanter; easiest to feel with the hip flexed in side lying
Sciatic nerve
What should you palpate for in a lumbar spine assessment?
- signs of facilitated segment
- pallor or redness
- skin thickening or altered texture
- sweating
- warmth
- peau d’orange effect
What are the joint stability tests that should be conducted as part of a lumbar spine assessment?
- Anterior translation
- Posterior translation
- Lateral translation
- Torsion
- Compression
- Traction
- Farfan’s torsion test (facet joint irritation or pars interarticularis)
What are joint specific questions in a hip assessment?
- Reports of clicking or giving way
- Morning stiffness and duration
- Pain on squats, stairs
- History of “W” sitting, in-toeing
- footwear
What should you observe in a hip assessment?
- Lower extremity posture
- Angulation of the femur
- Position of the greater trochanter
- Hip flexor deformity
- Contour of the buttock
- Congenital variations
- Pelvic obliquity
- Leg length discrepancy
- Muscle wasting
- Symmetry of weight bearing
- Balance
- Quality of the skin
- Willingness to move
- Swelling
Which neural mobility tests should be performed as part of a hip assessment?
- SLR
- Prone knee bend
- Slump
What should be tested in a vascular assessment of the hip?
Femoral pulse
What joint stability tests should be performed in a hip assessment?
- Torque Test
- Traction/Compression
How is a torque test performed?
Patient supine at side of bed, extend leg and internally rotate femur, slowly apply posterolateral pressure along line of neck of femur to reproduce symptoms
