Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

mt > Clinical Assessment Introduction > Flashcards

Clinical Assessment Introduction Flashcards

Find the Cause - Then treat the cause

1
Q

____ : A physical & emotional response to tissue irritation, derangement, damage, or tissue death?

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most common symptom for which patients seek care?

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Pain?

a) An unpleasant sensation associated with actual or potential tissue damage
b) Mediated by specific nerve fibres to the brain
c) Conscious appreciation may be modified by various factors
d) All of the above
e) A & C

A

D) all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is inflammatory pain?

a) Pain results from the stretch or compression of pain sensitive structures
b) Pain results from the release of chemical irritants of inflammation
c) Pain as a result of swelling/edema that compresses nociceptors
d) A & C
e) B & C

A

E) B&C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Mechanical pain?

a) Pain results from the stretch or compression of pain sensitive structures
b) Pain results from the release of chemical irritants of inflammation
c) Structures that contain nociceptors, when stimulated produce painful sensations
d) A&C
e) All of the above

A

D) A&C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F: Acute pain is pain provoked by noxious stimulation produced by injury/disease

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: Chronic pain is pain that persists beyond the usual course of healing

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chronic pain Syndrome

a) involves functional limitations and often times depression
b) is a clinical syndrome in which clients present with high levels of pain that is chronic in duration
c) All of the above
d) B

A

c) all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: Neurogenic pain is pain as a result of non-inflammatory dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system that involves nociceptor stimulation or trauma

A

False: It DOES NOT involve nociceptor stimulation or trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

____ : Pain that is felt at another location of the body that is distant from the tissues that have caused it

A

Referred pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Radiculopathy

a) known as radicular or nerve root pain
b) involves spinal nerve or spinal nn root
c) pain that is felt in a dermatome, myotome, or sclerotome
d) A&C
e) All of the above

A

e)all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: A dermatome is an area of skin supplied by one dorsal nerve root

A

True. Injury can cause sensory alteration to the skin, or pain (usually burning or electric)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is myotomal pain?

A

Group of muscles supplied by one nerve root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is sclerotomal pain?

A

Area of bone or fascia innervated by a nerve root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F: Pain can be felt in a dermatome as a result of visceral injury

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: Untreated TrPs can be associated w/ pain syndromes that include but not limited to: Radiculopathy, tension headaches, frozen shoulder, tennis elbow ..

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

As a lesion worsens, the area of pain enlarges and moves distally from the original lesion. This concept is referred to as _____

A

Peripheralization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If pain is resolving, the area decreases and becomes localized, this is called ______

A

Centralization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If Onset of pain is immediate, it is an indication of

a) Gradual or insidious onset
b) Traumatic/more serious injury
c) Repetitive strain injury

A

B) Traumatic injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Frequency & Duration of Pain Q 20 - 26

Pain all the time indicates

A

a severe injury or an active inflammatory state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pain when repeating the mechanism suggests

A

Local lesion, Ligament or muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Ligament cause pain when

A

Stretched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Muscles cause pain when

A

Contracted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pain in the morning …

A

Caused by adaptive shortening (Plantar Fasciitis)
If accompanied by stiffness may indicate intracapsular swelling that builds overnight d/t inactivity (common w/ arthritis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Pain at end of day…

A

Suggests inflammation d/t overuse (excessive stress on structures through the day)
Postural strain or TrPs d/t muscle fatigue

26
Q

Pain when weight bearing..

A

Pain only w/ weight bearing suggests articular (joint surface) or muscular injury

27
Q

Quality of Pain Q 27 - 37

Sharp pain…

A

Strain
Superficial ligament (MCL/LCL)
Acute inflammation
Radicular pain

28
Q

Dull ache

A 
Joints
Deep muscles (Glute med)
Chronic mm strain
Chronic inflammation 
Deep or peripheral nerve
TrPs or Referred pain
29
Q

Tingling or Parasthesia

A

Nerve injury

Circulatory problems

30
Q

Numbness

A

Damage or impingement of a nerve innervating a particular area

31
Q

Twinge

A

Injury to local muscle or ligament

32
Q

Noises/sensations

Clicking/snapping

A

Clicking/snapping: tendon flipping over a bone, thickened bursa, meniscal tear

33
Q

Noises/sensations

Grating

A

Caused by osteoarthritic changes to a jt

34
Q

Sound of tearing

A

Indicates muscle or ligament tear

35
Q

Locking or catching

A

Loose body within joint

36
Q

Giving way or instability

A

commonly caused by severe jt damage

37
Q

Popping can be caused by

A

Negative pressure within a tendon synovial sheath, tendon flipping over bony prominence, rupture of ligament or tendon

38
Q

Name the 4 Ts when palpating

A

Texture
Tone
Tenderness
Temperature

39
Q

T/F: Active Free movement differentiate b/w contractile or insert tissue

A

False

40
Q

Six End Feels Q 40 - 46

  1. Tissue Approximation
A

Mushy Feel - Normal end feel

41
Q
  1. Bone to Bone
A

Elbow extension

Normal or abnormal (if occurs before normal end range)

42
Q
  1. Tissue Stretch
A 
Hard or firm(springy) type of mov't w/ slight give
occur toward end ROM
Elastic resistance/springy
Providing resistance to movement 
Most common type of normal end feel
43
Q
  1. Muscle Spasm
A

Sudden dramatic arrest of movt, often accompanied by pain
“sudden and hard”
result of protective reflex to prevent further mov’t /injury
Abnormal end feel

44
Q
  1. Capsular
A

Thicker feeling to it
ROM is obviously reduced
Capsule is at fault
normal/abnormal end feel

45
Q
  1. Springy
A

Abnormal end feel

loose body within jt

46
Q
  1. Empty end feel
A

No end feel
abnormal end feel
client stops mov’t before end range is felt d/t intensity of pain

47
Q

Findings w/ resisted testing

Strong and Painless

A

Normal

No lesion or neurological deficit in the muscle or tendon

48
Q

Strong & Painful

A

1st or 2nd degree muscle strain

A minor lesion of the musculotendinous unit

49
Q

Weak and Painless

A

Complete rupture of muscle or tendon
Myotome issue
full tear of nerve, pain d/t swelling

50
Q

Weak and Painful

A

Partial rupture of muscle or tendon

Strain

51
Q

Muscle testing scale

No contraction

A

0

52
Q

Normal - Overcomes maximal resistance

A

5

53
Q

Slight contraction - muscle tightens but no mov’t produced

A

1

54
Q

Able to produce mov’t w/ gravity eliminated

A

2

55
Q

Able to overcome some resistance

A

4

56
Q

Able to overcome gravity but not resistance

A

3

57
Q

Localized, subconscious muscle contractions that do not involve the whole muscle; result from the contraction of the muscle cells innvervated by a single motor axon

A

Fasciculations

58
Q

Rhytmic mov’ts of a jt result from involuntary contractions of agonist and antagonist muscle groups

A

Tremors

59
Q

Vibraton associated w/ roughened gliding surfaces of a tendon, tendon sheath, articulating surface

A

Crepitus ; often inaudible in addition to being palpable

60
Q

What are the 3 barriers of resistance?

A
  1. Physiological barrier: midrange is the range w/ least amount of resistance
  2. Elastic barrier : felt at end range + beyond, when tissue is engaged at end of passive rom
  3. Anatomical barrier: final resistance to normal range anymore will cause injury

mt (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions