clin path 9

Question 1

main causes of lymphocytosis

Answer 1

physiologic (Excitement-epinephrine-induced)
chronic inflammation (Antigenic stimulation
young animals
hypoadrenocoriticism (Addison)
lymphoid neoplasia

Question 2

physiologic/excitement lymphocytosis

Answer 2

transitory-does not last long
increased heart rate
increased cardiac output
increase stroke volume
neutrophilia-mild, mature, no left shift)
erythrocytosis(Relative no evidence of dehydration)
thrombocytosis (splenic contraction)

Question 3

chronic inflammatory lymphocytosis

Answer 3

lymphoid hyperplasia
neutrophilia
left shift
toxic change
monocytosis (inflammation, not stress)
anemia of chronic inflmmatory diease
hyperglobulinemia

Question 4

pseudolymphocytosis or young age

Answer 4

mild non-regenerative anemia
decreased MCV
increased phosphorus
increased calcium
increased ALP
increased GGT

Question 5

hypoadrenocorticism (Addison)

Answer 5

adrenal cortex not working-cortisol not produced-no endogenous hold down lymphocyte numbers so they will increase
normal neutrophil count
eosinophilia(lack of cortisol)
mild non-regenerative due to anemia of chronic disease
hypoglycemia (lack of cortisol)
hypoproteinemia (if concurrent GI bleeding)
hypercalcemia( lack of cortisol)
hyponatremia (lack of aldosterone)
hyperkalemia (lack of aldosterone)
pre-renal azotemia/dehydration

Question 6

lymphoma cbc

Answer 6

nodes
lymphadenopathy
lymphopenia
blasts in circulation
numerous types

Question 7

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

Answer 7

bone marrow
blasts >20%
pan-bicytopenia
myelopathies
spleen-hepatomegaly
poor prognosis

Question 8

chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Answer 8

bone marrow
small lymphocytes
>12k dogs >20k cats
tend to live longer

Question 9

CLL definition (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

Answer 9

neoplastic proliferation of a clone of small lymphocytes arising within the bone marrow

Question 10

ALL definition (acute lymphoid (lymphoblastic) leukemia)

Answer 10

neoplastic proliferation of immature, large lymphoid cells arising with the bone marrow

Question 11

stage V lymphoma

Answer 11

neoplastic proliferation of a clone of lymphocytes (usually intermediate to larger) arising outside the bone marrow (lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, intestine)

Question 12

lymphopenia

Answer 12

stress and acute inflammation
viral, bacterial, endotoxin
depletion