Climbing And Descending Flashcards
Types of Climb
Vx = Climb to achieve best angle (terrain
clearance)
Vy = Climb to achieve best rate (height shortest
time)
Cruise Climb = No time or terrain concerns
Max Angle Climb = Vx – 4 angles. To avoid terrain, clear any obstacles. Heating is more at risk, engines not operating at maximum. Visibility is poor.
Max Rate Climb = Vy – 3 angles. Getting as high as possible is good for an engine failure.
Cruise Climb: To cover as much ground as possible.
Factors that affect climb
Weight and Flap
Decrease in AoC
Decrease in RoC
(Thrust Required Increase)
Altitude and Temp (Density)
Decrease in AoC
Decrease in RoC
(Power Available Decrease)
Wind
RoC unaffected (Rate of climb)
AoC affected (Angle of climb)
Slipstream effect: LEFT Yaw + Input RIGHT Rudder
Forces in descent and affects
FACTORS THAT AFFECT DESCENT
Weight - ice increases this
Constant AD
Increase in RoD
Flap and Undercarriage
Increase in AoD
Increase in RoD
Wind
Flap increases forward visibility
The resultant helps to find how much lift, thrust, drag and weight needed.
Total drag curve is the same the thrust required curve in straight and level flight.
Lift = Induced drag.
FACTORS THAT AFFECT DESCENT
Power
Power controls rate of descent
Inc. power means dec. RoD Inc. power means dec. AoD
Airspeed
Inc or Dec airspeed
Increase AoD
Slipstream effect: RIGHT Yaw -> Input LEFT Rudder
Application and Airmanship
APPLICATION
Power + Attitude = Performance
LOOKOUT before entering any manoeuvres.
AIRMANSHIP & TEM (NTS)
Maintain a lookout - alerted see and avold active scanning technique
Observe local noise abatement procedures - fly neighbourly
Air exercise in the training area - Where are the boundaries?
Fly outside - horizon as primary attitude reference
Minimum altitude - CASR 91.265, 91.267
(MOS 12.01-12.02)
ASP
Attitude: pitch to straight and level attitude.
Speed: Allow airspeed to increase.
Power: Set required power.
PAST is done twice when descending and once when climbing.
CHAT AND ALAP
ALAP: Attitude, lookout attitude, performance (5% of time) = Airspeed indicator, balance ball – levelling off from climb.
CHAT: Change, hold, adjust, trim.
Glide Descent
Glide Descent: L<W, T<D.
Lift drag Ratio: Being produced compared to the amount of drag being produced. The best is where the aerofoil produces the most lift for the least drag.
