Climate Factors Flashcards
List the climate factors
Light Temperature Water Atmospheric gases Wind
LIGHT
What is sunlight needed for
Sunlight is essential for photosynthesis.
LIGHT
name the two types of plants you get and state how much sunlight is needed
Shade-loving plants are able to survive in areas with low light intensity e.g.
mosses and ferns.
Sun-loving plants require high light intensity to photosynthesise.
LIGHT
Plants require varying amounts of sunlight
what does this cause
. This can cause stratification, or layering of vegetation as seen in forests.
LATITUDE
What is this
Latitude refers to the distance from the Equator.
LATITUDE
describe the conditions at the equator and are which biome is found here
equatorial and tropical regions are hot and wet
tropical rain forests with a rich biodiversity are found here
LATITUDE
WHAT biome is found above the equator region
Grassland with large herds and grazes
LATITUDE
Describe the mid latitude areas
n the mid-latitudes, the ecosystems are affected by the amount of rainfall.
Where rainfall is high, deciduous forest are found,
but if very little rainfall occurs, deserts occur.
LATITUDE
What occurred closer to the poles and which biome. Is found here
Closer to the poles, temperatures become increasingly colder and evergreen coniferous forests, with low biodiversity are found.
LATITUDE
What biome is found at the pole and what are the conditions
the tundra is found
Here the soil is frozen for many months of the year.
LATITUDE
describe the adaptation of animals in warm climate
Behavioural responses like being nocturnal, or hunting in the cooler mornings or eventings
Use cooling mechanisms like panting or sweating.
(increase surface area to loose heat )
More sleek body coverings.
LATITUDE
describe the adaptation of plants in warm climate
? Plants may have waxy cuticles and smaller leaves, to reduce water loss.
? Some have thick fleshy stems or leaves to store water.
LATITUDE
to get rid of heat
What do humans do and what do Pak at do
Humans -perspire
Plants- transpire
LATITUDE
describe the adaptation of animal in colder climate
? Thicker coats.
? More dense layer of fat under the skin. Blubber
? Some fishes have antifreeze substances in their blood.
? Animals may hibernate during the coldest winter months.(why - difficult to find food)
? Migration of birds during winter to warmer regions.
What do u call animals that’s are active in the night and animals that’s Are active in the day
active in the night -nocturnal
active in the day -diurnal
LATITUDE
describe the adaptation of plants in colder climate
? Some plants adapt by being frost resistant.
? Seeds may remain dormant in winter and germinate in warmer seasons to ensure survival of seedlings.
What’s re endothermi
Endotherms are warm blooded animals that are able to regulate their body temperature and so are not restricted to a particular habitat.
They can survive in a variety of habitats with moderate to extreme temperatures.
What are ectotherms
L
Ectotherms (sometimes called cold blooded animals) are animals whose body temperature is largely determined by the environmental temperature.
.
How do ectothermic act in different weathers
They tend to be sluggish or inactive in very cold weather and lethargic in very hot weather. However, they use specific behavioural patterns to maintain a favourable body temperature, e.g. a lizard will move between sunny and shady areas to maintain a desirable body temperature.
WATER
what is water important for
Water is essential for metabolic processes in all living organisms e.g. photosynthesis in plants and digestion in animals.
WATER
The living protoplasm of all cells is composed of how much of water.
of 60% to 90%
WATER
What will access of water determine
access to water will determine the distribution of plants across the earth’s surface.
WATER
what’s are Xerophytes and how are they adapted
Plants that are adapted to a dry climate.
They have adaptations to reduce water loss such as sunken stomata, thick cuticles, and reduced leaves
fleshy stem
(stores water)
WATER
what’s are Mesophytes
Plants that grow in a moderate climate with sufficient water for their physiological needs. litthe water
WATER
what’s are hydrophytes and how are they adapted
Plants adapted to living in water.
They may show features such as thin cuticles and air spaces for buoyancy. As water surrounds and supports them, many have very little supporting or conducting tissues.
ATMOSPHERIC GASES
What’s re the most important gases
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Water vapour
ATMOSPHERIC GASES
what is nitrogen required for
Nitrogen: required for manufacture of proteins by plants and animals..
Bacteria convert nitrogen gas (N2) into nitrates, which can then be absorbed by plants.
Animals obtain nitrogen from the proteins that they consume.
ATMOSPHERIC GASES
Can nitrogen be consumed as a gas
Nitrogen as a gas is not accessible to living organisms
ATMOSPHERIC GASES
what is oxygen required for
Oxygen: used by plants and animals during cellular respiration.
Oxygen is required to release energy from glucose in the mitochondria of all cells. Living organisms use the energy for metabolic activities to keep them alive.
ATMOSPHERIC GASES
what is carbon dioxide required for
Carbon dioxide: released as a by-product of cellular respiration. Plants use CO2 during photosynthesis to manufacture food compounds. .
WIND
what is this
The movement of air currents in the atmosphere is known as wind.
WIND
Why is it important
? It assists in pollination. Plants such as grasses and pine trees produce large quantities of pollen that is blown by wind currents to female parts of flowers or cones.
.
It may aid in dispersing light seeds or fruits.
? Wind transports rain, hail, snow and sand in the atmosphere.
It increases transpiration rate in plants.
? Increased transpiration causes water to be drawn up in plants more quickly and aids in the circulation of minerals through a plant.
