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nsca cpt > Client Consultation And Assesment > Flashcards

Client Consultation And Assesment Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the most important principle of the client consultation and health appraisal process?

A

Screen for risk factors and symptoms of disease

Ch 9, pg 148

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2
Q

Warning signs for Anorexia

Ch 19 pg 507

A
  • Dramatic loss of weight (up to 15%)
  • Denial; feeling fat even when thin
  • Obsession with weight, diet, and appearance
  • Use of food rituals or avoidance of social situations involving food
  • Obsession with exercise; hyperactivity
  • sensitivity to cold
  • Using layers of baggy clothing to hide weight loss
  • Fatigue (in later stages)
  • Decline in work, school, or athletic performance
  • Growth of baby fine hair over face and body (Lanugo hair)
  • Yellow tint to skin palms, and soles of feet (from high levels of carotene)
  • Hair loss, dry hair, dry skin, and brittle nails
  • Loss of muscle mass and tone
  • No menstrual periods (amenorrhea )
  • Slow pulse at rest, light headed Nelson standing up too quickly
  • Constipation
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3
Q

What is a physician’s referral form used for?

A

To obtain information about a client’s health status, physical limitations, and exercise restrictions

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4
Q

What is the correct hallway width according to the Americans with Disabilities act?

A

60 inches

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5
Q

ACSM’s Initial Risk Stratification Table

Describe LOW RISK

A

Men and women who I have “1 or NO” CVD risk factors

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6
Q

ACSM’s Initial Risk Stratification Table

Describe MODERATE RISK

A

Men and women who have 2 or more CVD risk factors

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7
Q

ACSM’s Initial Risk Stratification Table

Describe HIGH RISK

A

Men or women who have a diagnosed CVD or present with signs and symptoms of CVD… to include Diabetes mellitus.

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8
Q

9 Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

A
  • Known Heart Murmur
  • Unusual Fatigue
  • Dizziness or Fainting (syncope)
  • Swelling of the Ankles (Ankle Edema)
  • Fast (tachycardia) or irregular heartbeat
  • Intermittent claudication; calf cramping
  • angina; pain in chest, jaw, neck, arms caused by lack of circulation
  • Orthopnea; Breathing discomfort when not in upright position, Nocturnal Dyspnea; shortness of breath at night
  • Unexplained Shortness of Breath
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9
Q

Should a personal trainer give children an Assumption of Risk agreement? Why or why not?

A

NO! Parents do not have the right to execute such waivers on behalf of the child and children are incapable of self-negligence.

Ch 9, pg 151

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10
Q

How many grams of carbohydrate is needed per day to prevent ketosis?

A

50 - 100 grams

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11
Q

What is the Carbohydrate recommendation for aerobic endurance athletes who train for 90 minutes or more on most days?

Ch 7, pg 114

A

7 - 10 g/kg of bodyweight per day

Ex. MALE 165lbs
      165 / 2.2 = 75kg
      75 x 7 = 525g
      75 x 10 = 750g
*a 165lb male would need between 525 - 750 grams of carbohydrate per day
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12
Q

What is the carbohydrate recommendation for a strength or power athlete?

Ch 7, pg 114

A

5 - 6 g/kg of body weight

Ex. Female Sprinter 130lbs
      130/2.2 = 59kg
      59 x 5 = 295g
      59 x 6 = 354g
* at 130lbs, she would need between 295 - 354 grams of carbs per day
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13
Q

BMI is a measure of body mass related to stature. The formula used to calculate BMI is

A

BW (kg) / Height squared (m2) = BMI

Ex. Male - 65in , 203lbs
65in x .0254 = 1.651m; m2 = 1.651 x 1.651 = 2.73
203lbs / 2.2 = 92.2kg
92.2 / 2.73 = 33.7

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14
Q

Two trainers have given a client different scores during a push-up test. What type of reliability would be lacking in this scenario?

A

Lack of Interrater reliability

CH 10, pg 182

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15
Q

Define Interrater Reliability of a test

A

The comparison of a client’s test scores measured by more than one trainer

Ch 10, pg 182

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16
Q

A client is looking to gain five pounds of muscle in the next four weeks. If his current caloric intake is 2,750 calories per day, what must his new minimum caloric intake be to achieve this goal?

A

2500 kcal are needed for each 1lb increase in muscle

  • 5 x 2500 = 12,500 kcal needed for a 5lb increase
  • 12500kcal / 4 weeks = extra 3125 kcal / week, over 4 week period
  • extra 446.4 kcal per day

Ch7, pg 118

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17
Q

Carbohydrate requirements of an individual primarily depend on what physical activity factor?

A

Mode of exercise

Ch 7, pg 114

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18
Q

What type of assessment would be themost appropriate to perform on a separate testing day?

A

Maximum Aerobic Capacity (MAC) assessments
-if performed on the same day as other performance tests, then perform MACs last and allow 1 hour of rest after the last test is completed

Ch 10, pg 193

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19
Q

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein for healthy, sedentary adults is _________.

For Athletes its _________

A

Sedentary adults = 0.08 g/kg of BW
Athletes = 1.2 - 2.0 g/kg of BW

Ch 7, pg 113

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20
Q

What type of cardiovascular assessments would be themost valid for an obese, previously sedentary individual?

A

ROCKPORT Walk test because it is a sub-maximal test that would be the safest for an obese individual

Ch 10, pg 182

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21
Q

What is considered a negative coronary risk factor?

A

Having a serum HDL-cholesterol of 60 mg/dl or higher…this will take away 1 positive risk factor from the list of other positive risk factors identified by the personal trainer

Ch 9, pg 154

22
Q

Define outcome goal.

A

A goal which a client has little control over.

23
Q

Define performance goal

A

A goal that represents a client’s personal expectations- or standards-of achievement and that is not a comparison to someone else.

24
Q

Define Process goal

A

A goal over which a client has a high degree of control

25
Q

An initial and reasonable goal of a weight loss program is a _____% reduction in body weight in _____ months.

A

10%

6 months

26
Q

What is the estimated daily energy expenditure of a 120lb female who participates in light activities daily?

A

1920 calories
16 kcal / pound of body weight (16 x 120 = 1920)

Ch 7; pg 112

27
Q

What actions should be completed before the sit and reach test?

A

Warm up & remove shoes

28
Q

What are 3 warning signs of bulimia?

A

Over concern for body shape
Broken blood vessels in eyes
Digestive tract issues

Ch 19; pg 508

29
Q

Which risk stratification of clients suggest a medical exam and graded exercise test before participating in vigorous exercise?

A

Moderate and High risk

Ch 9, pg 160

30
Q

A client’s blood pressure has been measured at 140mmHg/95 mmHg; how should the personal trainer proceed?

A

Measure blood pressure again after 2 minutes.

-If the 2nd measurement also indicates hypertension, refer the client to a physician.

31
Q

Which variables are needed to calculate maximal oxygen consumption during theRockportwalking test?

A 
Body weight
Age 
Time 
Heart rate immediately after completion
Gender
32
Q

Which common supplement would a client most likely to be taking?

A

Vitamin and mineral supplement

33
Q

During the YMCA bench press test, what weight should be used for a 38-year-old female client with a BMI of 24?

A

35 lbs… that is the weight used during the test for females

34
Q

Which of the following tests would be inappropriate for a teenage athlete with no previous exercise experience?

A

1RM BENCH PRESS
Sit-and-reach
1.5 mile run

35
Q

Which population will likely give theleastvalid and reliable information as part of their lifestyle inventory?

A

Those with existing or diagnose health conditions

36
Q

While instructing a client to perform the prone double straight-leg raise test, what body part must maintain clearance from the table to continue timing the test?

A

Knees - this position indicates that the muscles of the lower back are being used to raise the legs off the table.

37
Q

Ken is a 60-year-old male with a personal history of hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels, and a heart attack ten years ago. Which type of exercise program would be recommended for Ken?

A

Medically Supervised Program

Ch 9, pg 162

38
Q

A client is at moderate risk for coronary artery disease. When is a physician required to be present for exercise testing?

A

During maximal tests only

Ch 9, pg 160

39
Q

A client is at moderate risk for coronary artery disease. When is a physician required to be present for exercise testing?

A

Do not count the repetition and have the client curl up further.

40
Q

During the PAR-Q, a potential client noted that he is currently taking medication for high blood pressure. Which of the following must occur as a result of this discovery?

A

Client must contact his/her physician for recommendations in proceeding with an exercise program

41
Q

A personal trainer wants to determine whether a client may be predisposed to low back pain. Which two fitness assessments are themost appropriate topredict the possibility of low back pain?

A

Prone double straight leg raise

Sit - and - reach

42
Q

What does S.M.A.R.T. Stand for?

A 
Specific
Measurable
Action oriented
Realistic
Time bound
43
Q

What are Practical Principles of Effective Goal Setting?

A
  1. Make goals specific, measurable, and observable
  2. Clearly identify time constraints
  3. Use moderately difficult goals
  4. Record goals and monitor progress
  5. Diversify process, performance, and outcomes
  6. Set short-range goals to achieve long-term goals
  7. Make sure goals are internalized (clients should participate or set their own goals)

Ch 8, Pg 135

44
Q

Calculate the BMI for an individual who is 1.5m tall and weighs 74kg.

A

Convert meters to inches (1.5m / 0.0254 = 59in)
Convert kilograms to pounds (74kg * 2.2 = 162.8lbs)

BMI metric formula (kg / m2 = BMI)
74 / 2.25 = 32.8

BMI Imperial formula (lbs / in2) 703 = BMI
Convert kg to lbs: 742.2 = 162.8
Convert m to in: 1.5 * 39.37 = 59
5959 = 3481
(162.8 / 3481)703 = 32.8

45
Q

What is the recommended sequence of tests when assessing general fitness?

A 
Resting tests
Nonfatiguing tests
Muscular strength tests
Local Muscular Endurance tests
Submaximal aerobic capacity tests
46
Q

What is the recommended sequence of tests when assessing athletic performance?

A 
Resting tests
Nonfatiguing tests
Agility tests
Max power and strength tests
Sprint tests
Local Muscular Endurance tests
Anaerobic capacity tests
Maximal or submaximal aerobic capacity tests

Ch10, pg 193

47
Q

List indicators for terminating an exercise test session.

A 
Onset of angina or angina-like symptoms
Drop in systolic BP of > 10 mmHg from baseline 
Excessive rise in BP: systolic > 250 or diastolic > 115
Shortness of breath
Wheezing
Leg cramps
Claudication
Dizziness 
Nausea
Failure of HR to rise
Noticeable change in heart rhythm 
Client requests to stop
Physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue
Failure of testing equipment

Ch10, pg192

48
Q

General principles to consider when a client wants to lose weight are:

A

*The ability to achieve and maintain minimal body fat is to some
extent genetic
*The ability to gain muscle and lose fat simultaneously depends on
training program and nutrition
*An average loss of 1 to 2 pounds per week represents a caloric deficit
of 500 - 1000 kcal (a loss of 1% total body weight is common)
*The diet should be nutritionally balanced and should provide a variety of foods

Ch7, pg118

49
Q

List some benefits of exercising during pregnancy

A
  • Facilitated recovery from labor
  • faster return to prepregnancy weight and strength levels
  • improved mood and self concept
  • more energy reserve
  • reduced feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression
  • reduced postpartum belly size
50
Q

Practical principles of effective goal setting are:

A
  • Make goals specific, measurable, and observable
  • Clearly identify time constraints
  • Use moderately difficult goals
  • Record goals and monitor progress
  • Diversify process, performance, and outcomes
  • Set short range goals to achieve long term goals
  • Make sure goals are internalized (clients participate or set their own)

Ch 8, pg 135

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