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Question 1

Why do viruses that are good replicators not kill their host?

Answer 1

1. They have co-evolved for a long time
2. They want to use the host but not kill them
3. They can evade the host’s immune response

• all of the above

Question 2

What technology was essential for helping scientists first identify viruses?

Answer 2

electron microscopy

Question 3

What did Jesse Lazear determine was the vector for yellow fever?

Answer 3

mosquitos

Question 4

What kind of morphology does adenovirus have?

Answer 4

Icosahedral capsid, non-enveloped

Question 5

Bacterial genomes are all larger than virus genomes

Answer 5

false

Question 6

A larger genome means a more complex virus

Answer 6

true

Question 7

What is NOT a strategy that viruses use to maximize efficiency of their genomes?

Answer 7

phosphorylation

Question 8

In viral taxonomy a virus family ends in…

Answer 8

Viridae

Question 9

You can classify viruses based on their

Answer 9

all of the above

structure, genome type, genome sequence

Question 10

The definition for species is the same for animals and viruses.

Answer 10

false

Question 11

What is a satellite virus?

Answer 11

A virus that can’t replicate without a helper virus

Question 12

What about hepatitis delta virus makes it like a viroid?

Answer 12

RNA genome with complex secondary structure

Question 13

What is a concatamer?

Answer 13

A circular genome copied many times

Question 14

Despite its size relative to other viruses, Mimivirus is still smaller than the smallest bacteria.

Answer 14

false

Question 15

Creutsfeldt-Jacob disease can be inherited (familial) or contracted from consumption of contaminated tissue. What zoonotic disease was initially considered the source of BSE?

Answer 15

scrapie

Question 16

Cell tropism

Answer 16

• Indicates what cell types a virus will infect
• Is dictated by the molecules expressed on the surface of the cell
• Is dictated by the molecules expressed on the surface of the virus
• all of the above

Question 17

Which virus has a promiscuous cell tropism?

Answer 17

herpes simplex virus

Question 18

How does an enveloped virus enter a cell?

Answer 18

• fusion with the cell membrane

- entry via acidification within a vesicle

Question 19

How does influenza virus use acidification of the endosome to enable entry?

Answer 19

• changes HA molecule to allow fusion of viral envelope with the endosomal membrane
• changes M1 so it dissociates from genomic RNA

Question 20

Small DNA viruses replicate their genomes:

Answer 20

in the nucleus

Question 21

How does a virus get its genome into the nucleus?

Answer 21

1. Small enough to transport whole virion through the nuclear pore
2. Bind to nuclear pore and inject genome through and into nucleus
3. Genome alone enters nucleus through pore
4. Enter nucleus during mitosis and nuclear envelope degradation

• all of the above

Question 22

Which of the following describes the temporal regulation of HSV-1 replication?

Answer 22

• Non-structural proteins are made first
• Early proteins are involved in replicating the genome
• Genes are transcribed in three distinct phases
• all of the above

Question 23

What polymerase do ssDNA viruses use to copy their genomes?

Answer 23

Host-encoded DNA dependent RNA polymerase

Question 24

Which virus genome would be considered infectious?

Answer 24

+ ssRNA

Question 25

What phospholipid bilayer is used by viruses for their envelope?

Answer 25

1. Plasma membrane
2. Nuclear membrane
3. ER membrane
4. Golgi membrane

• all of the above