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MTAP 2 - HISTOPATH > Clearing/Dealcoholization > Flashcards

Clearing/Dealcoholization Flashcards

1
Q

Process of removal of dehydrating agent

A

Clearing/Dealcoholization

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2
Q

Goal of Clearing

A

Make tissue transparent
Improve refractive index

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3
Q

Incomplete clearing may result to

A

Uneven H&E staining
Poor nuclear chromatin pattern

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4
Q

Prolonged clearing time may result to

A

Brittle tissues

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5
Q

Best features of Xylene

A

Fast-acting (30 mins-1 hr)

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6
Q

Xylene is not used in

A

Lymph nodes
Nervous tissue

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7
Q

Immersing of incomplete dehydrated tissue in xylene results in

A

Milky appearance

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8
Q

Substitute for xylene and benzene

A

Toluene

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9
Q

Toluene acidifies in

A

Partially filled vessels

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10
Q

Fast-acting, used in URGENT BIOPSIES

A

Benzene

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11
Q

Disadvantage of Benzene

A

May cause aplastic anemia
Highly flammable
Carcinogenic
CaN DAMAGE BONE MARROW

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12
Q

Not routinely used, TOXIC TO LIVER

A

Chloroform

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13
Q

Chloroform disadvantage

A

Attacks rubber seal in vacuum impregnation
Tends to float out
Toxic to liver
TISSUES DO NOT BECOME TRANSLUCENT
MAY CAUSE WAX DETERIORATION

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14
Q

Extremely slow clearing agent, 2-3 days of clearing

A

Cedarwood oil

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15
Q

Cedarwood oil is used in

A

Cytological
Smooth muscle
CNS tissue

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16
Q

Clearing agents used in dense tissues

A

Chloroform
Cedarwood oil

17
Q

Clearing agent used in EMBRYOS, INSECTS, DELICATE SPECIMEN

A

Aniline Oil

18
Q

Tissues may become adulterated

A

Clove oil

19
Q

Same with chloroform but CHEAPER

A

Carbon tetrachloride

20
Q

Methyl benzoate
Amyl acetate
Methyl salicylate

A

Extremely slow clearing agent
Double embedding process

21
Q

Clearing agent used as SUBSTITUTE FOR XYLENE

A

N-butyl acetate

22
Q

Obtained from citrus fruit

A

Limonene

23
Q

Characteristic of limonene oil

A

Has faint pleasant odor

24
Q

Used in friable tissues

A

Carbon xylene

25
Q

Bergamot oil and Origanum oil are used in

A

Smooth muscle

26
Q

Has FOUL ODOR, used in Smooth muscle

A

Carbon disulfide

27
Q

Wintergreen oil is used in

A

Delicate tissues

28
Q

Clearing agent used in EYE SPX

A

Terpineol

29
Q

Characteristics of Terpineol

A

Faint odor
Low evaporation rate

30
Q

Clearing agent substitute for cedarwood oil

A

Terpineol

31
Q

Easily REMOVED clearing agent

A

Xylene
Benzene

32
Q

DIFFICULT to remove clearing agent

A

Chloroform
Cedarwood oil

33
Q

Steps in tissue processing that requires complete clearing of Tissue

A

Infiltration
Mounting

MTAP 2 - HISTOPATH (5 decks)

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