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Orthopedic Surgery > Clavicle Fractures > Flashcards

Clavicle Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

Why do you want a chest xray with clavicle fractures?

A

To compare the contralteral side

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2
Q

What is the management of most clavicle fractures?

A

NWB sutures out in 2 weeks interval xray at 6 weeks pendulum exercises

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3
Q

What is the ossification and fusion history of the clavicle?

A

The first bone to ossify, the last bone to fuse (fuses at the sternal end age 22-25)

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4
Q

Which ligament provides anterior/posterior stability of the shoulder?

A

AC ligament

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5
Q

How far is the trapezoid ligament from the AC joint?

A

2.5 cm from AC joint

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6
Q

How far is the conoid ligament from the AC joint?

A

3 cm

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7
Q

How many pounds of pressure are required to break a clavicle?

A

7 lbs, this is debatable, recent literature does not agree

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8
Q

What is the name of the fracture classification system for clavicles?

A

Allman classification

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9
Q

Where are most clavicle fractures located (lateral, middle, proximal) and what are their percentages?

A

Middle (80%) Lateral (15%) Medial (5%)

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10
Q

what ligaments provide vertical stability to the AC joint?

A

trapezoid and conoid

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11
Q

What structure is at risk with clavicular fractures?

A

brachial plexus (test distally)

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12
Q

what imaging modality is best to determine clavicular dislocation?

A

CT

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13
Q

What is an Allman group I fracture?

A

fracture of middle third of clavicle

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14
Q

What is an Allman group II fracture?

A

Fracture of the distal third of the clavicle

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15
Q

What is an Allman group II Neer type I?

A

minimal displacement fracture between conoid and trapezoid but still intact without displacement

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16
Q

What is an Allman group II Neer type II?

A

Displaced secondary to a fracture medial to the coracoclavicular ligaments

17
Q

What is important about an Allman group II Neer type II fracture?

A

higher incidence of nonunion

18
Q

What is an Allman group II Neer type IIA?

A

conoid and trapezoid attached to the distal segment

19
Q

What is an Allman group II Neer type IIB?

A

conoid torn, trapezoid attached to the distal segment

20
Q

What is an Allman group II Neer type III?

A

fracture of the articular surface of the AC joint with no ligamentous injury

21
Q

What is an Allman group II type III fracture often confused with?

A

AC join separation

22
Q

What is the subclassification system for distal 3rd clavicular fractures?

A

Neer classification (Type I, II, IIA, IIB, III)

23
Q

What is a Allman Group III fracture?

A

Fracture of proximal third of clavicle

24
Q

How are Allman Group III fractures further characterized?

A

Type I: minimally displaced

Type II: Displaced

Type III: Intra-articular

Type IV: Epiphyseal separation

Type V: Comminuted

25
Q

What are the indications for operative treatment of ACUTE clavicle fractures?

A

open fracture

associated neurovascular compromise

skin tenting with potential of progression to open fracture

26
Q

Which distal 3rd clavicle fracture type has papers suggesting ORIF?

A

Type II

27
Q

What are injuries associated with clavicle fractures? (4)

A

AC injury

Scapulothoracic disassociation

Floating shoulder

Sternoclavicular dislocation

28
Q

How are AC injuries classified?

A

Rockwood classification

29
Q

What xray view is best to evaluate AC injury?

A

Zanca view

30
Q

How will a patient with scapulothoracic disassociation present?

A

clavicle fracture and problems with moving hand

31
Q

What is the cause of a floating shoulder?

A

Superior suspensory ligamentous complex disruption

32
Q

Which type of sternoclavicular dislocation is managed operatively? Why?

A

Posterior, because it can injur structures within the mediastinum

Orthopedic Surgery (6 decks)

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