Classification systems (AO1) Flashcards
What is the DSM? (3 points)
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
First published in 1952 - there have been 6 revisions since
DSM-5 is the most recent - published in May 2013
What are the 5 mutual features of the DSM-IV-TR and DSM-V?
Paid subscription revenue for APA
Mental health conditions only
Only accessible to psychiatrists and psychologists
US-dominated - English language only
They DO NOT monitor incidence, prevalence, and morbidity of disorders
What are the 3 distinct features of the DSM-IV-TR (4)?
Multi-axial system – 5 axis
Has a culture-bound syndromes section
Regular ‘revisions’ and updates which remove and newly define disorders
What is the multi-axial system in the DSM-IV-TR? (2 points)
Each diagnosis of a disorder is split into 5 levels called axes
A patient is assigned a category based on their symptoms which informs the diagnosis
What are the 5 axes in the DSM-IV-TR’s multi-axial system?
Axis 1: Clinical/major mental/development/learning disorders
E.g. Sz, depression, phobias
Axis 2: Personality disorders
E.g. OCD
Axis 3: Medical and physical conditions
E.g. brain injury
Axis 4: Psychosocial and environmental factors
E.g. poverty, dysfunctional families
Axis 5: Global functioning
Scale from 1-100 to measure a patient’s ability to cope with normal life
What are the 4 distinct features of the DSM-V?
3 sections using ICD-9 codes in an attempt to ‘harmonise’ and integrate the two systems
Culture-bound syndromes section replaced by a more comprehensive section called Cultural Concepts of Distress
Field Trials were conducted as a significant test of its reliability and validity
Change in language in an attempt to remove stigma e.g. ‘mental retardation’ to ‘intellectual development disorder’.
What are the 3 sections of the DSM-V?
1 - Introduction and explanation of changes - no longer multi-axial
2 - Diagnostic codes taken from ICD-9 in an attempt to ‘harmonise’ the two systems e.g. Sz, depressive disorders, OCD
3 - Emerging measures and models, self-assessment by patient, and cultural issues e.g. internet gaming disorder
What are the 8 features of the ICD-11?
Free online access (WHO)
Accessible to countries and service providers (NHS)
Multi-lingual and multi-disciplinary
26 categories - Section 6 is related to mental health
All disorders including physical and mental
Monitors incidence, prevalence, morbidity of disorders
No culture-bound syndromes section
Regular ‘revisions’ and updates which remove and newly define disorders
