Classification of Tumours

Question 1

What is Neoplasia?

What does a Carcinoma mean?

What does a Sarcoma mean?

Answer 1

• New growth
• Malignant Epithelial tumour
• Malignant Connective tissue tumour

Question 2

What are the Macroscopic features of Benign tumours?

What are the Macroscopic features of Malignant tumours?

Answer 2

• • Well circumscribed
  • Expansive growth
  • Little/no haemorrhage/necrosis
  • No invasion into blood/lymph

- • Irregular, Infiltrating margin
• Extension beyond capsule
• Haemorrhage and Necrosis
• Invasion to neighbouring organs
• Invasion to Lymph nodes

Question 3

What are the Microscopic features of Benign tumours?

What are the Microscopic features of Malignant tumours?

Answer 3

• • Resembles tissue of origin
  • Low cellularity
  • Low Nuclear : Cytoplasm ratio
  • Regular nuclei, Dispersed chromatin

- • Little resemblance to tissue of origin
• High cellularity
• High Nuclear : Cytoplasm ratio
• Irregular nuclei
• Many abnormal mitoses

Question 4

Epithelial Tumours:
Give examples of its Benign types?

Non-epithelia (Connective Tissue) Tumours:
Give examples of its Benign types?

Give examples of its Malignant types?

Answer 4

• Squamous Papilloma, Adenoma, Urothelial Papilloma
• Squamous cell Carcinoma, Adenocarcinoma
• Lipoma, Fibroma, Osteoma
• Liposarcoma, Fibrosarcoma, Osteosarcoma