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NZ Vet Nursing: Anatomy > Classification of Organisms/Body Organisation > Flashcards

Classification of Organisms/Body Organisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 body cavities? What’s an organ in each?

A

Cranial cavity, brain. Thoracic cavity, heart. Spinal cavity, spinal cord. Pelvic cavity, bladder. Abdominal cavity, intestines.

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2
Q

How is species defined?

A

One or more populations composed of indiduals that are interbreeding and produce fertile offspring.

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3
Q

What is the first word of a species name?

A

genus (plural, genera), it contains a group of very similar species.

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4
Q

What is the second word of a species name?

A

The second word is the actual name of the species.

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5
Q

How should the scientific name of an animal be written?

A

The generic name is written with a capital letter and the specific name is written with a lowercase letter. The scientific name is always either underlied or in italics. E.g.. Felis leo = lion.

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6
Q

What is the Taxonomic Hierachy in order?

A 
Kingdom = King
Phylum - Philip
Class = Came
Order = Over 
Family = For
Genus = Good
Species = Soup
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7
Q

What are the key features are in of the kingdom Monera?

A

Prokaryotic, single-celled, all are bacteria, autotrophic and heterotrophic.

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8
Q

What are the key features are in of the kingdom Protista?

A

Eukaryotic, single-celled, photosynthetic autotrophs and heterotrophs, euglenids, blue-green algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates and protozoans.

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9
Q

What are the key features are in of the kingdom Fungi?

A

Eukaryotic, most multicelled, heterotrophs using extracellular digestion, absorption, water moulds, sac fungi, club fungi, imperfect fungi.

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10
Q

What are the key features are in of the kingdom Plantae?

A

Eukaryotic, most multicelled, photosynthetic autotrophs, include red, brown, green algae, mosses, ferns, seed plants (eg conifers and flowering plants).

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11
Q

What are the key features are in of the kingdom Animalia?

A

Eukaryotic, multicelled, heterotrophs, include sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, chordates.

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12
Q

Where do autotrophic organisms obtain energy from?

A

Sunlight or inorganic chemical reactions.

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13
Q

Where do heterotrophic organisms obtain energy from?

A

Ingested organic material (usually plants or animals).

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14
Q

What is an example of a cnidarian?

A

Jellyfish.

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15
Q

What is an example of an arthropod?

A

Ant.

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16
Q

What is an example of a mollusc?

A

Mussels.

17
Q

What is an example of an echinoderm?

A

Starfish.

18
Q

What are the five main groups that are classified as chordates called?

A

Fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals.

19
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The science that studies the structure of an organism. It is concerned with the form of an organism and how the parts relate to one another.

20
Q

What is physiology?

A

It is the science that studies the function of an organism. It may be at the level of a cell, tissue, organ or system. It is concerned with how the organism works and carries out its life-sustaining activities.

21
Q

What does the median line divide the body into?

A

Left and right.

22
Q

What does the dorsal plane divide the body into?

A

Top and bottom.

23
Q

What does the transverse plane divide the body into?

A

Front and back.

24
Q

What does dorsal mean?

A

Towards the back/spine of the animal.

25
Q

What does ventral mean?

A

Towards the belly of the animal.

26
Q

What does medial mean?

A

Towards the midline.

27
Q

What does lateral mean?

A

Away from the midline.

28
Q

What does plantar mean?

A

The weight-bearing surface of the hindfoot.

29
Q

What does palmar mean?

A

The weight-bearing surface of the forefoot.

30
Q

What does proximal mean?

A

Closer to the point of attachment of the limb.

31
Q

What does distal mean?

A

Further to the point of attachment of the limb.

32
Q

What does anterior mean?

A

Towards the front end of an animal.

33
Q

What does cranial mean?

A

Towards the front end of an animal.

34
Q

What does posterior mean?

A

Towards the hind end of an animal.

35
Q

What does caudal mean?

A

Towards the hind end of an animal.

36
Q

What does superficial mean?

A

Situated on or near the surface.

37
Q

What does deep mean?

A

Situated underneath the surface.

38
Q

What does left/right mean?

A

On the animal’s left/right.

NZ Vet Nursing: Anatomy (16 decks)

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