Classification of Organisms/Body Organisation Flashcards
What are the 5 body cavities? What’s an organ in each?
Cranial cavity, brain. Thoracic cavity, heart. Spinal cavity, spinal cord. Pelvic cavity, bladder. Abdominal cavity, intestines.
How is species defined?
One or more populations composed of indiduals that are interbreeding and produce fertile offspring.
What is the first word of a species name?
genus (plural, genera), it contains a group of very similar species.
What is the second word of a species name?
The second word is the actual name of the species.
How should the scientific name of an animal be written?
The generic name is written with a capital letter and the specific name is written with a lowercase letter. The scientific name is always either underlied or in italics. E.g.. Felis leo = lion.
What is the Taxonomic Hierachy in order?
Kingdom = King Phylum - Philip Class = Came Order = Over Family = For Genus = Good Species = Soup
What are the key features are in of the kingdom Monera?
Prokaryotic, single-celled, all are bacteria, autotrophic and heterotrophic.
What are the key features are in of the kingdom Protista?
Eukaryotic, single-celled, photosynthetic autotrophs and heterotrophs, euglenids, blue-green algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates and protozoans.
What are the key features are in of the kingdom Fungi?
Eukaryotic, most multicelled, heterotrophs using extracellular digestion, absorption, water moulds, sac fungi, club fungi, imperfect fungi.
What are the key features are in of the kingdom Plantae?
Eukaryotic, most multicelled, photosynthetic autotrophs, include red, brown, green algae, mosses, ferns, seed plants (eg conifers and flowering plants).
What are the key features are in of the kingdom Animalia?
Eukaryotic, multicelled, heterotrophs, include sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, chordates.
Where do autotrophic organisms obtain energy from?
Sunlight or inorganic chemical reactions.
Where do heterotrophic organisms obtain energy from?
Ingested organic material (usually plants or animals).
What is an example of a cnidarian?
Jellyfish.
What is an example of an arthropod?
Ant.
What is an example of a mollusc?
Mussels.
What is an example of an echinoderm?
Starfish.
What are the five main groups that are classified as chordates called?
Fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals.
What is anatomy?
The science that studies the structure of an organism. It is concerned with the form of an organism and how the parts relate to one another.
What is physiology?
It is the science that studies the function of an organism. It may be at the level of a cell, tissue, organ or system. It is concerned with how the organism works and carries out its life-sustaining activities.
What does the median line divide the body into?
Left and right.
What does the dorsal plane divide the body into?
Top and bottom.
What does the transverse plane divide the body into?
Front and back.
What does dorsal mean?
Towards the back/spine of the animal.
What does ventral mean?
Towards the belly of the animal.
What does medial mean?
Towards the midline.
What does lateral mean?
Away from the midline.
What does plantar mean?
The weight-bearing surface of the hindfoot.
What does palmar mean?
The weight-bearing surface of the forefoot.
What does proximal mean?
Closer to the point of attachment of the limb.
What does distal mean?
Further to the point of attachment of the limb.
What does anterior mean?
Towards the front end of an animal.
What does cranial mean?
Towards the front end of an animal.
What does posterior mean?
Towards the hind end of an animal.
What does caudal mean?
Towards the hind end of an animal.
What does superficial mean?
Situated on or near the surface.
What does deep mean?
Situated underneath the surface.
What does left/right mean?
On the animal’s left/right.
