Classification of Microbes Flashcards
/bacteria are prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
prokaryotes
single chromosome
no cell organelles
are fungi and protozoa prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
the are eukaryotes
- have a nucleus, mitochondria, golgi apparatus
ER etc.
describe gram positive vs. gram negative
gram staining - used on a sample to get an idea of what is present in a sample
gram positive = purple color = no lipid content make it impermeable to alcohol in staining process= therefore it is dehydrated by the alcohol making it imperable and remains the violet/purple color
gram negative = red colog = high lipid content in cell wall makes it permeable to alcohol wash therefore the violet iodine complex diffuses out and the neutral red color is taken up
what is the shape of the cocci?
circular
what is the shape of bacilli?
rod
what is an example of a gram positive infection?
staphylococcus
what classification of bacteria is staphylococcus?
gram positive cocci
what classification is streptococcus?
gram positive cocci
MacConkey agar is used for what?
it is used for only gram-negative bacteria
Manitol Salt agar is used for what?
staphylococci
are their more DNA or RNA Viruses?
More RNA viruses
Describe the build of a naked capsid virus
They tend to be more sturdy = can withstand the gastric acid
What is the makeup of an enveloped virus?
Can viruses produce their own energy or replicate on their own?
No
What is the difference between human cells and fungal cells?
where as human cells have cholesterol in their membrane, fungal cells have ergosterol in the membrane = target for antifungals =
How do you classify yeasts?
typically round or oval and reproduce by budding
*they do retain a gram staining - so they would be gram positive*
They would be much larger than bacteria
what is cryptococcus neoformans?
relatively rare, but HIV patients are more vulnerable and it causes meningitis
what is the difference between moulds and yeasts appearance?
moulds = filamentous appearance - branching
yeasts = oval/budding appearance
what are helminths?
parasitic worms and include three categories
nematodes (roundworm),
trematodes (flukes)
and cestodes (tapeworms)
do bacteria have DNA or RNA?
both
Do prions have DNA or RNA ?
neither
