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Material Science > Classification of Materials > Flashcards

Classification of Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Five Major Group of Materials

A

Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Composites
Advance Materials

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2
Q

Are made up of one or more metallic elements and often also non-metallic elements in small amounts

A

Metals

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3
Q

Are good conductors of electricity and heat

A

Metals

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4
Q

Are compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements

A

Ceramics

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5
Q

Are usually oxides, nitrides, and carbides

A

Ceramics

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6
Q

Al2O3

A

Alumina

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7
Q

SiO2

A

Silicon Oxide

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8
Q

SiC

A

Silicon Carbide

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9
Q

Extremely brittle and susceptible to fracture

A

Ceramics

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10
Q

Insulative to the passage of electricity and heat

A

Ceramics

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11
Q

Material made up of single crystals

A

Transparent

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12
Q

Material made up of low porosity polycrystal

A

Translucent

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13
Q

Material made up of high porosity polycrystal

A

Opaque

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14
Q

Many are organic compounds that are chemically based on carbon, hydrogen, and other non-metallic elements

A

Polymers

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15
Q

Very large chain-like molecular structures, often carbon

A

Polymers

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16
Q

Means easily formed into complex shapes

A

Pliable

17
Q

Made up of two or more materials of the previous categories

A

Composites

18
Q

The objectives is to have a combination of properties not available in any single material

A

Composites

19
Q

Are glass fibers embedded in a polymeric material

A

Fiberglass

20
Q

CFRP

A

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

21
Q

Are used in aircraft, sporting equipment, bicycles, skis, automobile bumpers

A

CFRP

22
Q

Are materials used in high technology applications

A

Advance Materials

23
Q

A device or product that uses intricate and sophisticated principles

A

High Technology

24
Q

Have electrical properties that are intermediate between conductors and insulators

A

Semiconductors

25
Q

Electrical properties are very sensitive to the presence of minute concentrations of impurity atoms

A

Semiconductors

26
Q

Materials used to replace deceased or damaged body parts

A

Biomaterials

27
Q

Are materials that are able to sense changes in their environment and respond to the changes in a predetermined manner

A

Smart (Intelligent) Materials

28
Q

Two Components of Smart Materials

A

Sensors and Actuators

29
Q

Detects an input signal

A

Sensor

30
Q

Performs a responsive or adaptive function

A

Actuator

31
Q

MEMS

A

Microelectromechanical Systems

32
Q

Types of Actuators

A

Shape-Memory Alloys
Piezoelectric Ceramics
Magnetostrictive Materials
Electrorheological/ Magnetorheological Fluids

33
Q

Are metals that after being deformed revert back to their original shape when temperature is changed

A

Shape-Memory Alloys

34
Q

Expand and contract when exposed to an electric field; they also generate and electric field when their dimensions are changed

A

Piezoelectric Ceramics

35
Q

Has the same behavior as piezoelectric ceramics when exposed to magnetic fields

A

Magnetostrictive Materials

36
Q

Experience changes in viscosity when exposed to electric or magnetic fields

A

Electrorheological/ Magnetorheological Fluids

37
Q

The dimensions of this material are in order of nanometer

A

Nanomaterials

Material Science (5 decks)

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