Classification Of Bones And Joints

Question 1

Name the 4 types of bone

Answer 1

Long, short, flat, irregular.

Question 2

Name the types of joint

Answer 2

Pivot, condyloid, ball and socket, hinge.

Question 3

Long bones

Answer 3

The classification of a long bone includes having a body which is longer than it is wide, having a hard outer surface of compact bone and a spongy inner known an cancellous bone containing bone marrow

Question 4

Short bones

Answer 4

Short bones are approximately as wide as they are long and have a primary function of providing support and stability with little movement. Examples of short bones are the Carpals and Tarsals. They consist of only a thin layer of compact, hard bone with cancellous bone on the inside along with relatively large amounts of bone marrow.

Question 5

Flat bones

Answer 5

Flat bones are as they sound, strong, flat plates of bone with the main function of providing protection to the bodies vital organs and being a base for muscular attachment. Anterior and posterior surfaces are formed of compact bone to provide strength for protection with the centre consisiting of cancellous (spongy) bone and varying amounts of bone marrow.

Question 6

Irregular bones

Answer 6

These are bones in the body which do not fall into any other category, due to their non-uniform shape. Good examples of these are the Vertebrae. They primarily consist of cancellous bone, with a thin outer layer of compact bone.

Question 7

What is a condyloid joint

Answer 7

Found at the wrist and ankle. Movement in two planes but not as great as the ball and socket. The movements at a condyloid joint are :
Flexion/Extension/Adduction/Abduction/Circumduction

Question 8

What is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 8

Found in the shoulder and hip. This joint allows the greatest range of movement. Movements at a ball and socket joint are:

Flexion/Extension/Adduction/Abduction/Internal/Rotation

Question 9

What is a hinge joint?

Answer 9

Found at the elbow and knee. The range of movement is limited to one plane just like a door hinge. The movements at a hinge joint are:

Flexion/extension

Question 10

What is a pivot joint?

Answer 10

Found in the neck. Part of the bone fits into another ring of bone as in take atlas and axis, allowing rotation of the head.