Classification/diagnosis Lecture Flashcards
1
Q
Purposes of diagnosis
A
- Description
- Communication
- treatment selection/prognosis
- Scientific inquiry
- Reimbursement
- Legal purpose
2
Q
Diagnostic criticisms
A
1.) Effects of labelling
2.) Overdiagnosis
3.) Poor validity
4.) Imprecise
3
Q
Effects of labelling
A
- Stigmatization
- De-individualization
4
Q
Overdiagnosis
A
- Pathologizes normal problems in living
5
Q
Poor validity
A
- Lack of evidence linking diagnoses with brain disorders
6
Q
Imprecise
A
- High comorbidity
7
Q
Classification approaches
A
1.) Categorical approach
2..) Dimensional approach
3.) Prototypical approach
8
Q
Categorical approach
A
- Present/absent diagnosis
- Advantage: higher reliability than other approaches
9
Q
Dimensional approach
A
- Scaling approach
- Advantage: better captures individual characteristics
10
Q
Prototypical approach
A
- Combines characteristics of categorical and dimensional approaches
- Approach used in current diagnostic system
11
Q
Current diagnostic manuals
A
- ICD-11; published by the World Health Organization
- DSM-5-TR; published by the APA
12
Q
Assumptions of the DSM-5-TR
A
- Based on medical model
- Descriptive rather than explanatory
- Prototypical approach
13
Q
Latest revision - DSM-5-TR
A
- Revision of diagnostic criteria and categories
- Removal of multiaxial system
- Attempts it integrate dimensional classification approach
- Ideological shift
- Neurobiological emphasis
14
Q
DSM-5-TR concerns
A
- Lack of transparency in process
- Composition of working groups
- Influences of APA interests, physicians, and pharmaceutical companies
- increase in number of diagnostic categories and broadening of diagnostic criteria
- Overdiagnosis and comorbidity concerns
- Unscientific decision-making process
- Decisions based on consensus of opinion
- Initial field trials with low reliabilities
