classification and evolution Flashcards
what is in the taxonomic hierarchy
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what are the 5 kingdoms
prokaryotes e.g bacteria
protoctista e.g algae
fungi
plantae
animalia
what does phylogeny tell us about animals
the evolutionary history of the organism
what are the 4 evidence used to show how similar organisms are
molecular evidence
embryological evidence
anatomical evidence
behavioural evidence
what are the three domains
archea
bacteria
eukarya
what are the 3 types of adaptations
behavioural
physiological - inside an organism
anatomical
what do placenta mammals give birth to
a fully developed offspring
what do marsupial mammals give birth to
offspring’s in early development and so climb in to pouch and revue milk while they develop
what is convergent evolution
when 2 species evolve similar characteristics independently of one another
because adapted to similar environments
what are the different types of evidence used to support evolution
fossil evidence
dna evidence
features of prokaryotes
unicellular
no membrane bound organelles
small ribosomes
ring of DNA
no feeding system instead it absorbs nutrients across its surface
some photosynthesise
features of protoctista
unicellular
has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
sometimes chloroplasts
nutrients are absorbed by photosysnegheis or ingesting of other organisms or some are parasites
features of fungi
uni or multicellular
have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
no chloroplast
can’t live
nutrients absorbed from dead or decaying matter
features of plantae
multicellular
have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
have chlorapost
photosynthesise
stored as starch
animalia
multicellular
have nucleus and membrane bound organelles
no chloroplast
nutrients absorbed by ingestion
food stored as glycogen
