Classification Flashcards
1
Q
What is classification
A
- division of living organisms into groups based on their evoluntionary relationships
- it’s hieraral large groups are split into groups of deccreasing size
2
Q
Why is classification phylogenetic
A
- organisms in the same group are more closely related
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3
Q
What does discrete mean in terms of classification
A
- groups are discrete an organisms cannot belong to more than one group at the same taxinomic level
- each group is called a taxon
4
Q
What are the taxonomic groups from largest to smallest
A
- kingsom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
5
Q
What is a species
A
- a group of similar organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspirng
6
Q
What are binomial names
A
- name is in two part first name is capatlised which is the genus and the second is lower case whcih is the species
- species in the same genus are more closely relatd than species in different genus
- it is italicised
- same the world over avoiding issues with local names and language differences
7
Q
Why does classification have a tenativde nature
A
- based on current knowledge at the time
- and subject to change as new information comes to light
8
Q
What are characteristics of prokaryotea
A
- lack a nucleus
- lack membrane bound organelles
- 70s ribosomes
- circular DNA
- peptidoglycan cell wall
9
Q
What are characteristics of animalia
A
- multicellular eukaryotes
- no cell wall
- heterotrophic
- nervous co ordination
10
Q
What are characteristics of plantae
A
- multicellular eukaryotes
- photosynthetic containing chloroplast
- cell wall of cellulose
11
Q
What are characteristics of fungi
A
- heterotrophic eukaryotes
- cell wall made of chitin
- composed of thin threads called hyphae
- reproduce by spores
12
Q
What are characteristics of protoctista
A
- unicellular eukaryotes
- no tissue differentiation
13
Q
What was evidence for the three domains and where does it rank in the taxons
A
- rRNA
- domain is a larger taxon than a kindom
14
Q
What are the three domains
A
- eubacteria - true bacteria
- archae - prokaryotic but extermophiles
- eukarya - eukaryotic organisms
15
Q
What are extremophiles
A
- live where environmental conditions are harsh
- eg high or low temperatures
- acidic of very alkaline conditiions
- in areas with high salinity or high pressure