CLASSIFICATION Flashcards
5.3 Understanding:
When species are discovered they are given scientific names using the…?
binomial system of names
5.3 Understanding:
How did biologists come up with the binomial system of species names?
They met and discussed many times at the international congress of zoology
5.3 Understanding:
What are the 3 domains?
Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria.
5.3 Understanding:
What is a Taxonomic hierarchy?
Taxonomic hierarchy is the process of arranging various organisms into successive levels of the biological classification either in a decreasing or an increasing order from kingdom to species and vice versa.”
5.3 Understanding:
The principal taxa for classifying eukaryotes are …….?
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.
5.3 Understanding:
What is the role of s Taxonomists when new evidence shows that a previous taxon contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species?
Taxonomists sometimes reclassify groups of species when new evidence shows that a previous taxon contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species
5.3 Understanding:
What does Natural classification help us with?
Natural classifications help in identification of species and allow the prediction of characteristics shared by species within a group.
5.3 Application:
What are the recognition features of bryophytes?
No roots, instead they have structures similar to root hairs called rhizoids. Mosses have simple leaves and stems.
5.3 Application:
What are the recognition features of porifera?
Their bodies are asymmetrical. Body shape can be cylindrical, vase-like, rounded or sac-like. They are diploblastic animals with two layers, the outer dermal layer and the inner gastral layer. There is a gelatinous, non-cellular mesoglea, in between these two layers.
5.3 Application:
What are the recognition features of birds?
They are vertebrates. All birds have a backbone, and feathers.
5.4 Understanding:
What is a clade?
Organisms with a common ancestor
5.4 Understanding:
What are cladograms?
A diagram used to show relations among organisms
5.4 Understanding:
What type of correlation exists between the number of differences between two species and the time since they diverged from a common ancestor?
Positive
5.4 Understanding:
What is the difference analogous and homologous traits?
Homologous structures share a similar embryonic origin; analogous organs have a similar function.
5.4 Understanding:
Describe the use of DNA as a molecular clock.
certain genetic changes occur at a steady rate per generation, they provide an estimate of the time elapsed
5.4 Application:
Describe the need for reclassification using Figworts as an example.
figwort plants were too dissimilar in structure to function as a meaningful grouping
Taxonomists examined the chloroplast gene in figworts and decided to split the figwort species into five different clades
Now less than half of the species remain in the figwort family – which is now the 36th largest among angiosperms
