CLASSIFICATION

Question 1

5.3 Understanding:

When species are discovered they are given scientific names using the…?

Answer 1

binomial system of names

Question 2

5.3 Understanding:

How did biologists come up with the binomial system of species names?

Answer 2

They met and discussed many times at the international congress of zoology

Question 3

5.3 Understanding:

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 3

Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria.

Question 4

5.3 Understanding:

What is a Taxonomic hierarchy?

Answer 4

Taxonomic hierarchy is the process of arranging various organisms into successive levels of the biological classification either in a decreasing or an increasing order from kingdom to species and vice versa.”

Question 5

5.3 Understanding:

The principal taxa for classifying eukaryotes are …….?

Answer 5

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.

Question 6

5.3 Understanding:

What is the role of s Taxonomists when new evidence shows that a previous taxon contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species?

Answer 6

Taxonomists sometimes reclassify groups of species when new evidence shows that a previous taxon contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species

Question 7

5.3 Understanding:

What does Natural classification help us with?

Answer 7

Natural classifications help in identification of species and allow the prediction of characteristics shared by species within a group.

Question 8

5.3 Application:

What are the recognition features of bryophytes?

Answer 8

No roots, instead they have structures similar to root hairs called rhizoids. Mosses have simple leaves and stems.

Question 9

5.3 Application:

What are the recognition features of porifera?

Answer 9

Their bodies are asymmetrical. Body shape can be cylindrical, vase-like, rounded or sac-like. They are diploblastic animals with two layers, the outer dermal layer and the inner gastral layer. There is a gelatinous, non-cellular mesoglea, in between these two layers.

Question 10

5.3 Application:

What are the recognition features of birds?

Answer 10

They are vertebrates. All birds have a backbone, and feathers.

Question 11

5.4 Understanding:

What is a clade?

Answer 11

Organisms with a common ancestor

Question 12

5.4 Understanding:

What are cladograms?

Answer 12

A diagram used to show relations among organisms

Question 13

5.4 Understanding:

What type of correlation exists between the number of differences between two species and the time since they diverged from a common ancestor?

Answer 13

Positive

Question 14

5.4 Understanding:

What is the difference analogous and homologous traits?

Answer 14

Homologous structures share a similar embryonic origin; analogous organs have a similar function.

Question 15

5.4 Understanding:

Describe the use of DNA as a molecular clock.

Answer 15

certain genetic changes occur at a steady rate per generation, they provide an estimate of the time elapsed

Question 16

5.4 Application:

Describe the need for reclassification using Figworts as an example.

Answer 16

figwort plants were too dissimilar in structure to function as a meaningful grouping

Taxonomists examined the chloroplast gene in figworts and decided to split the figwort species into five different clades

Now less than half of the species remain in the figwort family – which is now the 36th largest among angiosperms