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History of Medicine > Classical Roman Medicine > Flashcards

Classical Roman Medicine Flashcards

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1
Q

Imhotep

A

ancestor of modern physicians - polymath

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2
Q

Georg Ebers papyrus

A

scroll - most important and oldest surviving medical text - covered many diseases and many drugs

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3
Q

Greeks/Mycenaeans

A

traded with Egypt - influenced by them?

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4
Q

Asclepius

A

son of Apollo - blameless physician in Iliad - medical symbol

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5
Q

Greek Diseases

A

epilepsy, amenorrhea, puerperal fever, dysentery, malaria, tuberculosis, varicella, diphtheria

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6
Q

Athenian plague

A

killed thousands
came from Egypt?
cost Athens war with Sparta

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7
Q

iatroi

A

part time healers

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8
Q

Asclepiads

A

claimed ancestry to Asclepius (Hippocrates was one)

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9
Q

Asclepions

A

temples of healing similar to hospitals run by priests

abatons for pilgrims (place for rest)

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10
Q

Epidouros

A

most celebrated asclepion in antiquity

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11
Q

Cos

A

birthplace of Hippocrates

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12
Q

Hippocrates

A

“Father of Medicine” in Western tradition
mentioned by Plato & Aristotle
believed in professionalism, discipline, rigorous practice, careful observation & records
first to describe many diseases and medical conditions
practitioners were to be clean, calm, serious, and honest

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13
Q

Corpus Hippocraticum

A

established medicine as an art, science, and profession
many contributors
emphasize pt not illness - foundation of Western medicine
rejects idea that Gods cause disease
facts over dogma - body function, health, and disease rationally explained
observation over theory
expectative therapy (not active intervention)
based on external anatomy
body functions compared to external world

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14
Q

primum non nocere

A

Hippocrates primary tenet
first do no harm
passed down orally

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15
Q

Hippocratic System

A 
Health is equilibrium
Empedoclean elements (fire, earth, air, water) 
4 humors 
patient oriented 
regimen not drugs 
emphasis on prognosis 
expectative therapy (healing power of nature) 
no heroic interventions (surgery)
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16
Q

Humors

A

yellow bile - summer dysentery and vomiting
phlegm - winter colds and epilepsy
blood - associated with life/spring - venisection
black bile - autumn and dying of nature - depressed

17
Q

regimen

A

not using drugs

proper diet, sleep, exercise

18
Q

prognosis

A

what’s going to happen to this person

19
Q

expectative therapy

A

healing power of nature

nothing we can do for you

20
Q

Alexandria

A

world center for education

most respected medical center

21
Q

Herophilus

A

Greek founder of Alexandrian medical school
quoted by Galen
dissected human cadavers - internal organs, duodenum, prostate, brain, nerves
believed nerves caused motion
arteries contained blood
studied pulse

22
Q

Erasistratus

A

helped found Alexandrian medical school
called the body a machine
described valves of heart
differentiated sensory and motor nerves linking to the brain
believed brain was the seat of intelligence
heart functioned as pump
denied teleology

23
Q

medici

A

latin for physicians who were uneducated and served wealthy, poor, soldier

24
Q

valentudinaria

A

form of hospital by army and wealthy estates

patients might stay here

25
Q

Galen

A 
famous and fashionable
central figure in traditional western medicine
huge volume of writings
very opinionated
got much wrong - based on animal anatomy - supported Hippocratic model
transformed medicine with science - observation & recordings
Galenism - ultimate authority
trust from pt - bedside manner, explanations, prognosis
says he perfected Hippocrates
rete mirable in the human brain
thyroid cartilage based on pigs
liver having 5 lobes
pores in cardiac septum
venous and arterial systems separate
arteries had a pulse
pneyma - mix of air and blood
regimen - some surgery
advocate of venisection
mind body link
26
Q

rete mirable

A

structure in human brain that doesn’t exist

27
Q

pneuma

A

mix of air and blood to make a vital spirit

History of Medicine (11 decks)

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