Classical Experiments (Ch. 10; Exam 2)

Question 1

Griffith developed the concept of the ____ ____.

Answer 1

Transforming principle

Question 2

The transforming principle was able to transform a ____-____ bacteria into a ____ strain.

Answer 2

Non-pathogenic; Pathogenic

Question 3

Changing ____ is one of the characteristics of the hereditary material. Griffith called
the factor that changed the ____ the ____ ____.

Answer 3

Phenotype; Phenotype; Transforming principle

Question 4

Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod performed a series of experiments that demonstrated the hereditary material was ____.

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

Griffith worked with the pathogenic bacteria ____ ____ that is lethal to mice.

Answer 5

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 6

In the Griffith experiment: not all types of the bacteria all ____: type R is
____, whereas type S is ____.
In addition, there are type II an III strains of the bacteria. Each of these can be either R or S. So a Type IIIS strain is ____, whereas a type IIR is ____.

Answer 6

Lethal; Non-lethal; Lethal; Lethal; Non-lethal

Question 7

In the Griffith experiment: if you heat kill a Type IIIS strain and inject it into the mouse, the mouse ____.
The autopsy showed that the mouse ____ become infected with the Type IIIS strain.

Answer 7

Lives; Did not

Question 8

In the Griffith experiment: if you mixed the heat-killed type IIIS material with live type IIR bacteria, the mouse ____.
The autopsy showed that the mouse ____ become infected with the Type IIIS strain.

Answer 8

Died; Did

Question 9

Griffith experiment proved that some material from the Type ____ strain was taken up by the Type ____
strain to convert it into the Type ____ strain. Griffith termed the material the ____ ____.

Answer 9

IIIS; IIR; IIIS; Transforming principle

Question 10

In Griffith experiment: the R types have a ____ (R) appearance on a blood agar plate. S type have a ____ ____ on the plates.

Answer 10

Rough; Smooth morphology

Question 11

In the Griffith experiment: the type II capsule is ____ distinct from the type III.

Answer 11

Antigenically

Question 12

In the Griffith experiment: The trans-
formation from type II to type III and the conversion of type R to S are each distinct ____ changes.

Answer 12

Phenotypic

Question 13

In the Griffith experiment: If the chemical nature of the transforming principle could be determined, then we would know
the nature of the ____ ____.

Answer 13

Genetic material