Classical conditioning

Question 1

What is learning?

Answer 1

a relatively permanent change in behavior, knowledge, capability, or attitude acquired through experience.We also learn through classical conditioning, through operant conditioning, and through observation.

Question 2

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 2

 learning through association of two stimuli: a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 3

Conditioning and Unconditioning can be associated with what words?

Answer 3

Learned and Unlearned

Question 4

What is a Response?

Answer 4

A behavior that is obtained by a specific stimulus

Question 5

What can a response be?

Answer 5

1. Physiological (Involuntary, Automatic, or Reflexive)
2. Emotional: ex: fear, happiness…

Question 6

What is a reflex?

Answer 6

An unlearned, automatic, involuntary response built into the nervous system and involves the S —> R. 

Question 7

How does responses  become conditioned or learned in classical conditioning?

Answer 7

If they are: reflexive, automatic, unlearned, and involuntary

Question 8

What is an unconditioned stimulus (US)?

Answer 8

It elicits a response that is automatic and unlearned. Ex: food (US) placed in dog`s mouth elicits salivation (UR)

Question 9

What is a unconditioned response (UR)?

Answer 9

It is the response that is automatic and unlearned (ex: salivation to the food in dog`s mouth).

Question 10

What is a neutral stimulus (NS)?

Answer 10

It is a stimulus that normally does not elicit a response (ex: the sound of a bell).

Question 11

What is a conditioned stimulus (CS)?

Answer 11

A learned neutral stimulus (ex: the sound of a bell).

Question 12

What is a conditioned response (CR)?

Answer 12

A learned response (ex: salivation to the sound of a bell).

Question 13

What is before conditioning?

Answer 13

A reflexive, unlearned stimulus (US) that causes an unlearned reflexive response (UR).

Question 14

What is during conditioning?

Answer 14

A pairing of a (NS) to an unlearned stimulus (US) that causes an unlearned reflexive response (UR).

Question 15

What is after conditioning?

Answer 15

A learned stimulus (CS) elicits a learned response (CR).

Question 16

What is generalization?

Answer 16

A Conditioned Response (CR) to a Stimulus that is similar to the Conditioned Stimulus (CS).

Question 17

What is discrimination?

Answer 17

no Conditioned Response (CR) to a Stimulus that is similar to the Conditioned Stimulus (CS).

Question 18

What is extinction?

Answer 18

A Conditioned Stimulus (CS) is repeatedly presented without the Unconditioned Stimulus (US). 

Question 19

What is higher-order conditioning?

Answer 19

another Neutral Stimulus (NS) that is paired with a Conditioned Stimulus (CS).

Question 20

What are the factors influencing classical conditioning?

Answer 20

 

1. ​The number of pairings of Conditioned Stimulus (CS)and ​the Unconditioned Stimulus (US).
2. ​The intensity of the Unconditioned Stimulus (US).
3. ​The reliability of the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) to predict ​the Unconditioned Stimulus (US).
4. ​The temporal relationship between the Conditioned ​Stimulus (CS) and the Unconditioned Stimulus (US).