Classical chemotherapy - DNA Alkylators and Topoisomerase Inhibitors Flashcards
What are the 4 bases that DNA consists of?
- Adenine (A)
- Thymine (T)
- Cytosine (C)
- Guanine (G)
How are the bases of DNA connected?
They are connected through a sugar-phosphate backbone
What bonds do bases use to interact?
Hydrogen bonds
How many hydrogen bonds are between Adenine (A) and Thymine (T)?
Two hydrogen bonds
How many hydrogen bonds are between Cytosine (C) and Guanine (G)?
Three hydrogen bonds
The turn of DNA has a major and minor groove. What molecules bind into the major groove.
Protein
The turn of DNA has a major and minor groove. What molecules bind into the minor groove.
Small molecules
DNA bases interact using which intermolecular interaction?
Pi-Pi stacking
- They can also interact through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions
What is Nitrogen mustards derived from?
Derived from sulfur mustards - Used in the 1st World War as ‘mustard gas’
When was Nitrogen mustards invented?
Nitrogen mustards were invented in the 2nd World War as a chemical agent
What happens when Nitrogen mustards crosslink DNA?
It stops enzymes such as DNA polymerase being able to separate strands and therefore stops replication
When nitrogen mustards crosslink DNA, where does the predominant crosslink occur?
The predominant crosslink is between the N7 of guanine of on two stand - an inter strands crosslink
