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Usmle > Classic/Relevant treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant treatments Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Rx - Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDS, Colchicine

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1
Q

Rx - Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Rx - Acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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3
Q

Rx - ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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4
Q

Rx - Alcohol abuse

A

AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family

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5
Q

Rx - Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

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6
Q

Rx - Anorexia

A

SSRIs

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7
Q

Rx - Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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8
Q

Rx - Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

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9
Q

Rx - B12 deficiency

A

Vit B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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10
Q

Rx - Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Tamsulosin (alpha-1a blocker), finasteride (5 alpha reductase inhibitor)

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11
Q

Rx - Bipolar disorder

A

Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabiliser)

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12
Q

Rx - Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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13
Q

Rx - Buerger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation

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14
Q

Rx - Bulimia

A

SSRIs

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15
Q

Rx - Candida albicans

A 
Amphotericin B (systemic)
Nystatin (oral thrush, oesophagitis)
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16
Q

Rx - Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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17
Q

Rx - Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhoea coinfection)

Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis for infants)

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18
Q

Rx - Chronic gout

A

Probenecid (underexcretor)

Allopurinol (overproducer)

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19
Q

Rx - Chronic hepatitis

A

INF-alpha

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20
Q

Rx - Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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21
Q

Rx - Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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22
Q

Rx - Clostridium difficile

A

Oral Metronidazole

If refractory, oral vancomycin

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23
Q

Rx - Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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24
Q

Rx - Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab

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25
Q

Rx - Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

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26
Q

Rx - Cyclophosphamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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27
Q

Rx - Cystic fibrosis

A

N-acetylcystiene + antipseudmonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)

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28
Q

Rx - Cytomegalovirus

A

Ganciclovir

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29
Q

Rx - Depression

A

SSRIs - 1st line

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30
Q

Rx - Diabetes insipidis

A

Desmopressin (central)

Hydrochlorothiazide, indomethiacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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31
Q

Rx - Diabetes mellitis type 1

A 
Dietary intervention (low sugar)
\+ insulin replacement
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32
Q

Rx - T2DM

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics and insulin (possible)

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33
Q

Rx - Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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34
Q

Rx - Enterococci

A

Vancomycin/Ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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35
Q

Rx - Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, vardenafil

36
Q

Rx - ER positive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

37
Q

Rx - Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

38
Q

Rx - Haemophilus influenza (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

39
Q

Rx - Generalised anxiety disorder

A

Buspirone

40
Q

Rx - Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

Protamine sulfate

41
Q

Rx - Her2/neu-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

42
Q

Rx - hyperaldosteronism

A

spironolactone

43
Q

Rx - hypercholersteronism

A

Statin (first line)

44
Q

Rx - Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

45
Q

Rx - Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

46
Q

Rx - Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (Pulsatile)

47
Q

Rx - Influenza

A

Rimantidine, oseltamivir

48
Q

Rx - Legionella pneumophilia

A

Erythromycin

49
Q

Rx - Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

50
Q

Rx - Malaria

A

Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont)

Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

51
Q

Rx - malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

52
Q

Rx - Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

53
Q

Rx - Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

54
Q

Rx - MRSA

A

Vancomycin

55
Q

Rx - Multiple Sclerosis

A

Beta-interferon, immunosuppresion, natalizumab

56
Q

Rx - Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE - rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol

Liver toxicity, Eye damage - with ethambutol

57
Q

Rx - Niserria gonorrhoea

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent chlamydia)

58
Q

Rx - Neural tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

59
Q

Rx - Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vit D supplementation

60
Q

Rx - Osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonates, calcium + vit D suppmentation

61
Q

Rx - Patent ductus arteiosis

A

Indomethacin

62
Q

Rx - Phaeochromocytoma

A

Alpha-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)

63
Q

Rx - Pneumocystic jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

64
Q

Rx - Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

65
Q

Rx - Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

66
Q

Rx - Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

67
Q

Rx - Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

68
Q

Rx - Rickettsia Rickettsii

A

Doxycyclin, chloramphenicol (especially in the context of aplastic anaemia)

69
Q

Rx - Ringworm infections

A

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

70
Q

Rx - Schizophrenia (negative/positive)

A

Negative: 5-HT2A antagonists (eg. second generation antipsychotics)
Positive: D2 receptor antagonists (e.g. first and second generation antipsychotics)

71
Q

Rx - SIADH

A

Demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists

72
Q

Rx - Sickle cell anaemia

A

Hydroxyurea (incr fetal Hb)

73
Q

Rx - Sporothrix schenckii

A

Oral potassium chloride

74
Q

Rx - Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

75
Q

Rx - Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins)
MRSA: vancomycin

76
Q

Rx - Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation of colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

77
Q

Rx - Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia)

Vancomycin (meningitis)

78
Q

Rx - Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

79
Q

Rx - Temporal arteritis

A

High dose steroids

80
Q

Rx - Tonic clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazebine

81
Q

Rx - Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

82
Q

Rx - Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

83
Q

Rx - Tricomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

84
Q

Rx - Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab

85
Q

Rx - UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

86
Q

Rx - Warfarin toxicity

A

FFP, and vitamin K (chronic)

87
Q

Rx - Wegener’s granulomtosis with polyangiitis

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

Usmle (4 decks)

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