Classic Presentations II Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria

A

McArdle Disease (Skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)

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2
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothyroidism

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3
Q

Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

A

Internuclear opthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; may be unilateral or bilateral)

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4
Q

Continuous machine-like murmur

A

PDA (close with indomethacin; open with PGE analogs)

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5
Q

Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

A

Myxedema (caused by hypothyroidism, Graves disease if pretibial)

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6
Q

Cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm

A

Carcinoid syndrome (right-sided cardiac valvular lesions, increased 5-HIAA)

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7
Q

Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in AIDS patient

A

Kaposi sarcoma, associated with HHV-8

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8
Q

Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation

A

Kussmaul respirations (diabetic ketoacidosis)

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9
Q

Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

A

Pallagra (niacin (B3) deficiency)

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10
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition

A

Wet beriberi (thiamine (B1) deficiency)

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11
Q

Dog or cat bite resulting in infection

A

Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site)

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12
Q

Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

A

Sjogren syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)

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13
Q

Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal SCC)

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14
Q

Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, increased bleeding tendency

A

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Type V collagen defect, type II collagen defect seen in vascular subtype of ED)

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15
Q

Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node

A

Virchow node (abdominal metastases)

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16
Q

Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss

A

Meniere disease

17
Q

Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells

A

Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or Sezary syndrome (mycosis fungoides + malignant T cells in blood

18
Q

Facial muscle spasm upon tapping

A

Chvostek sign (hypocalcemia)

19
Q

Fat, female, forty, and fertile

A

Cholelithiasis (gallstones)

20
Q

Fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in endotoxin release)

21
Q

Fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza (stuffy nose), diffuse rash

A

Measles

22
Q

Fever, night sweats, weight loss

A

B symptoms (staging) of lymphoma

23
Q

Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis with abnormal curvature

A

Peyronie disease (connective tissue disorder)

24
Q

Golden brown rings around peripheral cornea

A

Kayser Fleischer rings (copper accumulation from Wilson disease)

25
Q

Gout, intellectual disability, self-mutilating behavior in a boy

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, X linked recessive)

26
Q

Hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feed/hands/genitalia

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction, increased cancer risk, mainly GI)

27
Q

Hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, osteoporosis, asepctic necrosis of femur, bone crises

A

Gaucher disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)