Classic Labs/Findings

Question 1

Anticentromere antibodies

Answer 1

Scleroderma (CREST)

Question 2

Anti-desmoglein (epithelial) antibodies

Answer 2

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

Question 3

Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

Answer 3

Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)

Question 4

Antihistone antibodies

Answer 4

Druge induced SLE (hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)

Question 5

Anti-IgG antibodies

Answer 5

Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)

Question 6

Antimitochondrial antibodies

Answer 6

1° biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)

Question 7

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)

Answer 7

Microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) (MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA)
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener; PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA)

Question 8

Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA)

Answer 8

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

Question 9

Antiplatelet antibodies

Answer 9

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 10

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

Answer 10

Diffuse systemic Scleroderma

Question 11

Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies

Answer 11

Celiac disease (diarrhea, weight loss)

Question 12

“Apple core” lesion on barium enema x-ray

Answer 12

colorectal cancer (usually left-sided)

Question 13

Atypical lymphocytes

Answer 13

EBV

Question 14

Azurophilic peroxidase +, granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

Answer 14

Auer rods (AML, especially promyelocytic M3 type)

Question 15

Bacitracin response

Answer 15

Sensitive: S. pyogenes (group A)
Resistant: S. agalactiae (Group B)

Question 16

Bamboo spine on X-ray

Answer 16

Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis HLA-B27)

Question 17

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBC’s

Answer 17

Howell-Jolly bodies (splenectomy or non-functional spleen)

Question 18

Basophilic stippling of RBC’s

Answer 18

Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

Question 19

Bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture

Answer 19

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 20

Boot-shaped heart on X-ray

Answer 20

Tetralogy of Fallot (due to RVH)

Question 21

Branching gram-positive rods with sulfure granules

Answer 21

Actinomyces israelii

Question 22

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

Answer 22

Pancoast tumor (can compress sympathetic chain and cause Horner syndrome)

Question 23

“Brown” tumor of bone

Answer 23

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)

Question 24

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

Answer 24

Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

Question 25

Cellular crescents around Bowman capsule

Answer 25

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

Question 26

Chocolate cyst of ovary

Answer 26

Endometriosis (frequently both ovaries)

Question 27

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

Answer 27

Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma)

Question 28

Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

Answer 28

Cystic fibrosis (Autosomal recessive CFTR mutation –>fat soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)

Question 29

Decreased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

Answer 29

Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities

Question 30

Degeneration of dorsal column fibers

Answer 30

Tabes dorsalis (3° syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)

Question 31

“Delta wave” on EKG, short PR interval, supraventricular tachycardia

Answer 31

Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (Bundle of Kent bypasses AV node)

Question 32

Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

Answer 32

Parkinson disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

Question 33

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

Answer 33

Curschmann spirals (bronchial asthma, can result in whorled mucous plugs)

Question 34

Disarrayed granulosa cells arranged around collections of eosinophilic fluid

Answer 34

Call-Exner bodies (granulosa cell tumor of the ovary)

Question 35

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with “raisinoid” nuclei and hyperchromasia?

Answer 35

Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)