Classic presentations Flashcards
Achilles’ tendon xanthoma
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Abdominal pain
Ascites
Hepatomegaly
Budd-Chiari Syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)
Adrenal hemorrhage
HypoTN
DIC
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia)
Anterior drawer sign +
Anterior cruciate ligament injury
Arachnodactyly
Lens dislocation
Aortic dissection
Hyper flexible joints
Marian syndrome (fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia
Secondary to erythropoietin injection
Back pain
Fever
Night sweats
Weight loss
Pott’s disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral hilar adenopathy
Uveitis
Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
Blue sclera
OI (type 1 collagen defect)
Bluish line on gingiva
Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain
Bone enlargement
Arthritis
Page disease of bone (inc osteoblastic and clastic activity)
Bounding pulses
Diastolic heart murmur
Head bobbing
Aortic regurgitation
Butterfly facial rash
Raynaud phenom in a young woman
SLE
Cafe-au-lait spots Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma)
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (+ pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas)
Calf pseudohypertrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (dystrophin gene)
Cafe-au-lait spots
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Precocious puberty
Multiple endocrine abnormalities
McCune-Albright syndrome
Mosaic G-protein signaling mutation
Cherry-red spots on a macula
Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) OR
Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), Central artery occlusion
Chest pain on exertion
Angina
Stable = moderate exertion
Unstable = minimal exertion
Chest pain
Pericardial effusion/friction rub
Persistent fever following MI
Dresser syndrome
(Autoimmune-med post-MI fibrinous pericarditis)
1-12wks after acute episode
Child uses arms to stand up from squat
Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy)
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
Slapped cheeks
Erythema infectiousum/fifth disease: parvovirus B19
Chorea
Dementia
Caudatep degeneration
Huntington disease (Autoimmune dom CAG repeat expansion)
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia
Fatigue
Painful cramps
Myoglobinuria
McArdle disease (Muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
Cold intolerance
Myxedema
Hypothyroidism
Conjugate lateral gaze palsy
Horizontal diplopia
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
(Damage to MLF)
Bilateral = MS
Unilateral = stroke
Continuous machine-like heart murmur
PDA
Close = indomethacin
Open = misoprostol
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
Myxedema
(Hypothyroidism / Graves’ disease [pretibial]
Dark purple skin
Mouth nodules in a patient with AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma –> HHV8
Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation
Kussmaul respirations –> diabetic ketoacidosis
Dermatitis
Dementia
Diarrhea
Pellagra –> niacin B3 def
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Edema
Alcoholism or malnutrition
Wet beriberi –> thiamine B1 def
Dog or cat bite resulting in infection
Pasteurella multocida –> cellulitis at inoculation site
Dry eyes
Dry mouth
Arthritis
Sjogren syndrome (Autoimmune destruction do exocrine glands)
Esophageal webs (dysphagia) Glossitis Iron def anemia
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
May progress to esophageal SCC
elastic skin
hypermobility of joints
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Type III collagen defect
enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node
Virchow node (abdominal metast)
erythroderma
lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly
atypical T cells
- mycosis fungoides (cutaneous Tcell lymphoma)
2. Sezary syndrome (mycosis fungoides + malignant Tcells in blood)
Facial muscle spasm upon tapping
Chvostek sign (hypoCa++)
Fat
Female
Forty
Fertile
Cholelithiasis
Fever
Chills
headache
myalgia following antibiotic Tx for syphilis
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release
fever cough conjunctivitis coryza diffuse rash
measles
fever
night sweats
weight loss
B symptoms (staging) of lymphoma
Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
Peyronie disease (connective tissue disorder)
Gout
intellectual disability
self-mutilating behavior in a boy
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
HGPRT def; X-linked recessive
Green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea
Kayser-Fleischer rings (Copper accumulation from Wilson disease)
Hamartomatous GI polyps
hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
(inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction) inc risk of GI cancer
Hepatosplenomegaly
osteoperosis
neurologic Sx
gaucher disease (glucocerebrosidase def)